Merge pull request #31 from Nonannet/dev

- ARM Thumb suport for Cortex-A and Cortex-M
2026-03-04 15:29:05 +01:00 · 2026-03-04 15:29:05 +01:00 · 58f796513c
parent 8d77ee3a25 5ca947ea5b
commit 58f796513c
38 changed files with 1168 additions and 247 deletions
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ jobs:
    - name: Compile coparun
      run: |
        mkdir -p build/runner
-        gcc -O3 -DENABLE_BASIC_LOGGING -o build/runner/coparun src/coparun/runmem.c src/coparun/coparun.c src/coparun/mem_man.c
+        gcc -O3 -static -DENABLE_BASIC_LOGGING -o build/runner/coparun src/coparun/runmem.c src/coparun/coparun.c src/coparun/mem_man.c

    - name: Generate debug asm files
      if: strategy.job-index == 0
@ -151,9 +151,9 @@ jobs:
    - name: Use ARM64 container
      run: |
        docker run --rm -v $PWD:/app -w /app --platform linux/arm64 ghcr.io/nonannet/arm64_test:1 \
-        bash -lc "pip install . && \
+        bash -lc "pip install .[mindev] && \
                  mkdir -p build/runner && \
-                  gcc -O3 -DENABLE_LOGGING -o build/runner/coparun src/coparun/runmem.c \
+                  gcc -O3 -static -DENABLE_LOGGING -o build/runner/coparun src/coparun/runmem.c \
                  src/coparun/coparun.c src/coparun/mem_man.c && \
                  pytest && \
                  bash tools/create_asm.sh"
@ -180,9 +180,10 @@ jobs:
    - name: Use ARMv6 container
      run: |
        docker run --rm -v $PWD:/app -w /app --platform linux/arm/v6 ghcr.io/nonannet/armv6_test:1 \
-        bash -lc "pip install . && \
+        bash -lc "set -x && \
+                  pip install .[mindev] && \
                  mkdir -p build/runner && \
-                  gcc -O3 -DENABLE_LOGGING -o build/runner/coparun src/coparun/runmem.c \
+                  gcc -O3 -static -DENABLE_LOGGING -o build/runner/coparun src/coparun/runmem.c \
                  src/coparun/coparun.c src/coparun/mem_man.c && \
                  pytest && \
                  bash tools/create_asm.sh"
@ -209,9 +210,14 @@ jobs:
    - name: Use ARMv7 container
      run: |
        docker run --rm -v $PWD:/app -w /app --platform linux/arm/v7 ghcr.io/nonannet/armv7_test:1 \
-        bash -lc "pip install . && \
+        bash -lc "set -x && \
+                  pip install .[mindev] && \
                  mkdir -p build/runner && \
-                  gcc -O3 -DENABLE_LOGGING -o build/runner/coparun src/coparun/runmem.c \
+                  gcc -march=armv7-a -mfpu=neon-vfpv3 -mfloat-abi=hard -marm -static \
+                  -Wall -Wextra -Wconversion -Wsign-conversion \
+                  -Wshadow -Wstrict-overflow -O3 \
+                  -DENABLE_LOGGING \
+                  -o build/runner/coparun src/coparun/runmem.c \
                  src/coparun/coparun.c src/coparun/mem_man.c && \
                  pytest && \
                  bash tools/create_asm.sh"
@ -221,6 +227,76 @@ jobs:
        name: runner-linux-armv7
        path: build/runner/*

+  build-armv7thumb:
+    needs: [build_stencils]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    continue-on-error: true
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+      with:
+        name: stencil-object-files
+        path: src/copapy/obj
+    - name: Set up QEMU for ARMv7
+      uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+      with:
+        platforms: linux/arm/v7
+    - name: Use ARMv7 container
+      run: |
+        docker run --rm -v $PWD:/app -w /app --platform linux/arm/v7 ghcr.io/nonannet/armv7_test:1 \
+        bash -lc "set -x && \
+                  pip install .[mindev] && \
+                  mkdir -p build/runner && \
+                  gcc -march=armv7-a -mfpu=neon-vfpv3 -mfloat-abi=hard -marm -static \
+                  -Wall -Wextra -Wconversion -Wsign-conversion \
+                  -Wshadow -Wstrict-overflow -O3 \
+                  -DENABLE_LOGGING \
+                  -o build/runner/coparun src/coparun/runmem.c \
+                  src/coparun/coparun.c src/coparun/mem_man.c && \
+                  export CP_TARGET_ARCH=armv7thumb && \
+                  pytest && \
+                  bash tools/create_asm.sh"
+
+    - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+      with:
+        name: runner-linux-armv7thumb
+        path: build/runner/*
+
+  build-armv7mthumb:
+    needs: [build_stencils]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    continue-on-error: true
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+      with:
+        name: stencil-object-files
+        path: src/copapy/obj
+    - name: Set up QEMU for ARMv7
+      uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+      with:
+        platforms: linux/arm/v7
+    - name: Use ARMv7 container
+      run: |
+        docker run --rm -v $PWD:/app -w /app --platform linux/arm/v7 ghcr.io/nonannet/armv7_test:1 \
+        bash -lc "set -x && \
+                  pip install .[mindev] && \
+                  mkdir -p build/runner && \
+                  gcc -march=armv7-a -mfpu=neon-vfpv3 -mfloat-abi=hard -marm -static \
+                  -Wall -Wextra -Wconversion -Wsign-conversion \
+                  -Wshadow -Wstrict-overflow -O3 \
+                  -DENABLE_LOGGING \
+                  -o build/runner/coparun src/coparun/runmem.c \
+                  src/coparun/coparun.c src/coparun/mem_man.c && \
+                  export CP_TARGET_ARCH=armv7mthumb && \
+                  pytest && \
+                  bash tools/create_asm.sh"
+
+    - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+      with:
+        name: runner-linux-armv7mthumb
+        path: build/runner/*
+
  build-windows:
    needs: [build_stencils]
    runs-on: windows-latest
@ -244,7 +320,7 @@ jobs:
        python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}

    - name: Install Python dependencies
-      run: python -m pip install .[dev]
+      run: python -m pip install .[mindev]

    - name: Set up MSVC environment
      uses: microsoft/setup-msbuild@v2
@ -270,7 +346,7 @@ jobs:
        path: build/runner/*

  release-stencils:
-    needs: [build_stencils, build-ubuntu, build-windows, build-arm64, build-armv6, build-armv7]
+    needs: [build_stencils, build-ubuntu, build-windows, build-arm64, build-armv6, build-armv7, build-armv7thumb, build-armv7mthumb]
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' && github.event_name == 'push'
    permissions:
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@ -30,3 +30,4 @@ core
 *.log
 docs/source/start.md
 /src/copapy/_version.py
+sketch*.py
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ The main features can be summarized as:
 - Memory and type safety with a minimal set of runtime errors
 - Deterministic execution
 - Automatic differentiation for efficient realtime optimization (reverse-mode)
- Optimized machine code for x86_64, ARMv6, ARMv7 and AArch64
+- Optimized machine code for x86_64, 32 Bit ARM (Cortex-A and Cortex-M) and AArch64
 - Highly portable to new architectures
 - Small Python package with minimal dependencies and no cross-compile toolchain required

@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ While hardware I/O is obviously a core aspect of the project, it is not yet avai

 Currently in development:
 - Array stencils for handling very large arrays and generating SIMD-optimized code - e.g., for machine vision and neural network applications
- Support for Thumb instructions required by ARM*-M targets (for MCUs)
 - Constant regrouping for further symbolic optimization of the computation graph

 Despite missing SIMD-optimization, benchmark performance shows promising numbers. The following chart plots the results in comparison to NumPy 2.3.5:
@ -253,4 +252,4 @@ This project is licensed under the MIT license - see the [LICENSE](LICENSE) file

 [^2]: The compiler must support tail-call optimization (TCO). Currently, GCC is supported. Porting to a new architecture requires implementing a subset of relocation types used by that architecture.

-[^3]: Supported architectures: x86_64, AArch64, ARMv6 and 7 (non-Thumb). ARMv6/7-M (Thumb) support is in development. Code for x86 32-bit exists but has unresolved issues and a low priority.
+[^3]: Supported architectures: x86_64, AArch64, ARMv6/7 (non-Thumb) and ARMv7 Thumb for Cortex-A and Cortex-M. Code for x86 32-bit exists but has unresolved issues and a low priority.
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@ -45,14 +45,18 @@ dev = [
    "ruff",
    "mypy",
    "pytest",
-    "pelfy>=1.0.7"
+    "pelfy>=1.0.8"
+]
+mindev = [
+    "pytest",
+    "pelfy>=1.0.8"
 ]
 doc_build = [
    "sphinx",
    "pydata_sphinx_theme",
    "sphinx-autodoc-typehints",
    "myst-parser",
-  "pelfy>=1.0.7"
+    "pelfy>=1.0.8"
 ]

 [tool.mypy]
--- a/src/copapy/_basic_types.py
+++ b/src/copapy/_basic_types.py
@ -429,8 +429,8 @@ class Op(Node):
    def __hash__(self) -> int:
        return self.node_hash

-# Interface for vector and tensor types
 class ArrayType(Generic[TNum]):
+    """Interface for vector and tensor types."""
    def __init__(self, shape: tuple[int, ...]) -> None:
        self.shape = shape
        self.values: tuple[TNum | value[TNum], ...] = ()
--- a/src/copapy/_binwrite.py
+++ b/src/copapy/_binwrite.py
@ -6,11 +6,14 @@ ByteOrder = Literal['little', 'big']

 Command = Enum('Command', [('ALLOCATE_DATA', 1), ('COPY_DATA', 2),
                           ('ALLOCATE_CODE', 3), ('COPY_CODE', 4),
-                           ('PATCH_FUNC', 0x1000), ('PATCH_OBJECT', 0x2000),
+                           ('PATCH_FUNC', 0x1000),
+                           ('PATCH_FUNC_ARM32_THM', 0x1005),
+                           ('PATCH_OBJECT', 0x2000),
                           ('PATCH_OBJECT_HI21', 0x2001),
                           ('PATCH_OBJECT_ABS', 0x2002),
                           ('PATCH_OBJECT_REL', 0x2003),
                           ('PATCH_OBJECT_ARM32_ABS', 0x2004),
+                           ('PATCH_OBJECT_ARM32_ABS_THM', 0x2006),
                           ('ENTRY_POINT', 7),
                           ('RUN_PROG', 64), ('READ_DATA', 65),
                           ('END_COM', 256), ('FREE_MEMORY', 257), ('DUMP_CODE', 258)])
@ -22,6 +25,11 @@ class data_writer():
        self._data: list[tuple[str, bytes, int]] = []
        self.byteorder: ByteOrder = byteorder

+    def copy(self) -> 'data_writer':
+        cp = data_writer(self.byteorder)
+        cp._data = self._data.copy()
+        return cp
+
    def write_int(self, value: int, num_bytes: int = 4, signed: bool = False) -> None:
        self._data.append((f"INT {value}", value.to_bytes(length=num_bytes, byteorder=self.byteorder, signed=signed), 0))

--- a/src/copapy/_compiler.py
+++ b/src/copapy/_compiler.py
@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ from ._basic_types import Net, Node, Store, CPConstant, Op, transl_type

 def stable_toposort(edges: Iterable[tuple[Node, Node]]) -> list[Node]:
    """Perform a stable topological sort on a directed acyclic graph (DAG).
+
    Arguments:
        edges: Iterable of (u, v) pairs meaning u -> v

@ -133,7 +134,7 @@ def get_const_nets(nodes: list[Node]) -> list[Net]:


 def add_load_ops(node_list: list[Node]) -> Generator[tuple[Net | None, Node], None, None]:
-    """Add read node before each op where arguments are not already positioned
+    """Add load/read node before each op where arguments are not already positioned
    correctly in the registers

    Arguments:
@ -171,7 +172,7 @@ def add_load_ops(node_list: list[Node]) -> Generator[tuple[Net | None, Node], No


 def add_store_ops(net_node_list: list[tuple[Net | None, Node]], const_nets: list[Net]) -> Generator[tuple[Net | None, Node], None, None]:
-    """Add write operation for each new defined net if a read operation is later followed
+    """Add store/write operation for each new defined net if a read operation is later followed

    Returns:
        Yields tuples of a net and a node. The associated net is provided for read and write nodes.
@ -392,6 +393,7 @@ def compile_to_dag(node_list: Iterable[Node], sdb: stencil_database) -> tuple[bi
    # assemble stencils to main program and patch stencils
    data = sdb.get_function_code('entry_function_shell', 'start')
    data_list.append(data)
+    #print(f"* entry_function_shell (0) " + ' '.join(f'{d:02X}' for d in data))
    offset = aux_func_len + len(data)

    for associated_net, node in extended_output_ops:
@ -450,10 +452,8 @@ def compile_to_dag(node_list: Iterable[Node], sdb: stencil_database) -> tuple[bi
        #print('--> ', name, list(sdb.get_relocations(name)))
        for reloc in sdb.get_relocations(name):

-            #assert reloc.target_symbol_info != 'STT_FUNC', "Not tested yet!"
-
            if not reloc.target_section_index:
-                assert reloc.pelfy_reloc.type == 'R_ARM_V4BX'
+                assert reloc.pelfy_reloc.type == 'R_ARM_V4BX', (reloc.pelfy_reloc.type, name, reloc.pelfy_reloc.symbol.name)

            elif reloc.target_symbol_info in {'STT_OBJECT', 'STT_NOTYPE', 'STT_SECTION'}:
                # Patch constants/variable addresses on heap
@ -488,6 +488,6 @@ def compile_to_dag(node_list: Iterable[Node], sdb: stencil_database) -> tuple[bi
        dw.write_int(patch.value, signed=True)

    dw.write_com(binw.Command.ENTRY_POINT)
-    dw.write_int(aux_func_len)
+    dw.write_int(aux_func_len + sdb.thumb_mode)

    return dw, variables
--- a/src/copapy/_math.py
+++ b/src/copapy/_math.py
@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ def get_42(x: value[Any]) -> value[float]: ...
 def get_42(x: NumLike) -> value[float] | float:
    """Returns the value representing the constant 42"""
    if isinstance(x, value):
-        return add_op('get_42', [x, x])
+        return add_op('get_42', [x])
    return float((int(x) * 3.0 + 42.0) * 5.0 + 21.0)


--- a/src/copapy/_stencils.py
+++ b/src/copapy/_stencils.py
@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ from dataclasses import dataclass
 from typing import Generator, Literal, Iterable, TYPE_CHECKING
 import struct
 import platform
+import os

 if TYPE_CHECKING:
    import pelfy
@ -32,11 +33,14 @@ class relocation_entry:
@dataclass
 class patch_entry:
    """
-    A dataclass for representing a relocation entry
+    A dataclass for representing a patch entry

    Attributes:
-        addr (int): address of first byte to patch relative to the start of the symbol
-        type (RelocationType): relocation type
+        mask (int): Bit-mask to apply to the patched value
+        address (int): Address where to patch
+        value (int): The value to write at the patch address
+        scale (int): The scale factor for the patch value
+        patch_type (int): The type of patch
    """
    mask: int
    address: int
@ -46,6 +50,14 @@ class patch_entry:


 def detect_process_arch() -> str:
+    """For running the code locally in the python module
+    the architecture of the current process is detected
+    by this function to load the correct stencil database.
+    """
+    cp_target_arch = os.environ.get("CP_TARGET_ARCH")
+    if cp_target_arch:
+        return cp_target_arch
+
    bits = struct.calcsize("P") * 8
    arch = platform.machine().lower()

@ -80,11 +92,20 @@ def get_return_function_type(symbol: pelfy.elf_symbol) -> str:

 def get_stencil_position(func: pelfy.elf_symbol) -> tuple[int, int]:
    start_index = 0  # There must be no prolog
+
    # Find last relocation in function
    last_instr = get_last_call_in_function(func)
-    function_size = func.fields['st_size']
-    if last_instr + 5 >= function_size:  # Check if jump is last instruction
-        end_index = last_instr  # Jump can be striped
+
+    assert func.section, f"No code section specified for symbol {func.name}"
+
+    # func.section.fields['sh_size'] is equivalent to func.fields['st_size']
+    # expect for ARM thumb, here nop padding at the end for 4-byte alignment
+    # is not included in st_size
+    function_size = func.section.fields['sh_size']
+
+    # Check if jump is the last instruction and can be striped
+    if last_instr + 5 >= function_size:
+        end_index = last_instr
    else:
        end_index = function_size

@ -98,11 +119,12 @@ def get_last_call_in_function(func: pelfy.elf_symbol) -> int:
    if reloc.symbol.name.startswith('dummy_'):
        return -0xFFFF  # Last relocation is not a jump
    else:
-        # Assume the call instruction is 4 bytes long for relocations with less than 32 bit and 5 bytes otherwise
+        # Assume the jump/call instruction is 4 bytes long for relocations
+        # with less than 32 bit and 5 bytes otherwise
        instruction_lengths = 4 if reloc.bits < 32 else 5
        address_field_length = 4
        #print(f"-> {[r.fields['r_offset'] - func.fields['st_value'] for r in func.relocations]}")
-        return reloc.fields['r_offset'] - func.fields['st_value'] + address_field_length - instruction_lengths
+        return reloc.fields['r_offset'] - func.offset_in_section + address_field_length - instruction_lengths


 def get_op_after_last_call_in_function(func: pelfy.elf_symbol) -> int:
@ -110,7 +132,12 @@ def get_op_after_last_call_in_function(func: pelfy.elf_symbol) -> int:
    assert func.relocations, f'No call function in stencil function {func.name}.'
    reloc = func.relocations[-1]
    assert reloc.bits <= 32, "Relocation segment might be larger then 32 bit"
-    return reloc.fields['r_offset'] - func.fields['st_value'] + 4
+    return reloc.fields['r_offset'] - func.offset_in_section + 4
+
+
+def add_sign_int32(value: int) -> int:
+    """Convert a 32-bit unsigned integer to a signed integer."""
+    return value - 0x100000000 if value > 0x7FFFFFFF else value


 class stencil_database():
@ -121,6 +148,7 @@ class stencil_database():
        var_size (dict[str, int]): dictionary of object names and their sizes
        byteorder (ByteOrder): byte order of the ELF file
        elf (elf_file): the loaded ELF file
+        thumb_mode (bool): entry_function_shell in ARM thumb mode
    """

    def __init__(self, obj_file: str | bytes):
@ -147,6 +175,8 @@ class stencil_database():
        #                 if s.info == 'STT_OBJECT'}
        self.byteorder: ByteOrder = self.elf.byteorder

+        self.thumb_mode = self.elf.symbols['entry_function_shell'].thumb_mode
+
        #for name in self.function_definitions.keys():
        #    sym = self.elf.symbols[name]
        #    sym.relocations
@ -188,19 +218,20 @@ class stencil_database():
        for reloc in symbol.relocations:

            # address to fist byte to patch relative to the start of the symbol
-            patch_offset = reloc.fields['r_offset'] - symbol.fields['st_value'] - start_index
+            patch_offset = reloc.fields['r_offset'] - symbol.offset_in_section - start_index

            if patch_offset < end_index - start_index:  # Exclude the call to the result_* function
                reloc_entry = relocation_entry(reloc.symbol.name,
                                       reloc.symbol.info,
-                                       reloc.symbol.fields['st_value'],
+                                       reloc.symbol.fields['st_value'],  # LSB on ARM indicates thumb mode
                                       reloc.symbol.fields['st_shndx'],
-                                       symbol.fields['st_value'],
+                                       symbol.offset_in_section,
                                       start_index,
                                       reloc)
                cache.append(reloc_entry)
                yield reloc_entry

+
    def get_patch(self, relocation: relocation_entry, symbol_address: int, function_offset: int, symbol_type: int) -> patch_entry:
        """Return patch positions for a provided symbol (function or object)

@ -226,12 +257,14 @@ class stencil_database():

        if pr.type.endswith('64_PC32') or pr.type.endswith('64_PLT32'):
            # S + A - P
-            patch_value = symbol_address + pr.fields['r_addend'] - patch_offset
+            addend = add_sign_int32(pr.fields['r_addend'])
+            patch_value = symbol_address + addend - patch_offset
            #print(f" *> {pr.type} {patch_value=} {symbol_address=} {pr.fields['r_addend']=} {pr.bits=}, {function_offset=} {patch_offset=}")

        elif pr.type == 'R_386_PC32':
            # S + A - P
-            patch_value = symbol_address + pr.fields['r_addend'] - patch_offset
+            addend = add_sign_int32(pr.fields['r_addend'])
+            patch_value = symbol_address + addend - patch_offset
            #print(f" *> {pr.type}     {pr.symbol.name} {patch_value=} {symbol_address=} {pr.fields['r_addend']=} {bin(pr.fields['r_addend'])} {pr.bits=}, {function_offset=} {patch_offset=}")

        elif pr.type == 'R_386_32':
@ -292,28 +325,52 @@ class stencil_database():
            scale = 8
            #print(f" *> {patch_value=} {symbol_address=} {pr.fields['r_addend']=}, {function_offset=}")

-        elif pr.type.endswith('_MOVW_ABS_NC'):
-            # R_ARM_MOVW_ABS_NC
+        elif pr.type == 'R_ARM_MOVW_ABS_NC':
            # (S + A) & 0xFFFF
            mask = 0xFFFF
            patch_value = symbol_address + pr.fields['r_addend']
            symbol_type = symbol_type + 0x04  # Absolut value
            #print(f" *> {pr.type} {patch_value=} {symbol_address=}, {function_offset=}")

-        elif pr.type.endswith('_MOVT_ABS'):
-            # R_ARM_MOVT_ABS
+        elif pr.type =='R_ARM_MOVT_ABS':
            # (S + A) & 0xFFFF0000
            mask = 0xFFFF0000
            patch_value = symbol_address + pr.fields['r_addend']
            symbol_type = symbol_type + 0x04  # Absolut value
            scale = 0x10000
+            #print(f" *> {pr.type} {patch_value=} {symbol_address=}, {function_offset=}, {pr.fields['r_addend']=}")

        elif pr.type.endswith('_ABS32'):
            # R_ARM_ABS32
            # S + A (replaces full 32 bit)
+            assert not patch_offset % 4, 'R_ARM_ABS32 patched data like literals needs to be 4 Byte aligned'
+            # This might be caused by the call in entry_function_shell if not aligned
+
            patch_value = symbol_address + pr.fields['r_addend']
            symbol_type = symbol_type + 0x03  # Relative to data section

+        elif pr.type.endswith('_THM_JUMP24') or pr.type.endswith('_THM_CALL'):
+            # R_ARM_THM_JUMP24
+            # S + A - P
+            patch_value = symbol_address - patch_offset  + pr.fields['r_addend']
+            symbol_type = symbol_type + 0x05  # PATCH_FUNC_ARM32_THM
+            #print(f" *> {pr.type} {patch_value=} {symbol_address=} {pr.fields['r_addend']=} {pr.bits=}, {function_offset=} {patch_offset=}")
+
+        elif pr.type == 'R_ARM_THM_MOVW_ABS_NC':
+            # (S + A) & 0xFFFF
+            mask = 0xFFFF
+            patch_value = symbol_address + pr.fields['r_addend']
+            symbol_type = symbol_type + 0x06  # PATCH_OBJECT_ARM32_ABS_THM
+            #print(f" *> {pr.type} {patch_value=} {symbol_address=}, {function_offset=}, {pr.fields['r_addend']=}")
+        
+        elif pr.type == 'R_ARM_THM_MOVT_ABS':
+            # (S + A) & 0xFFFF0000
+            mask = 0xFFFF0000
+            patch_value = symbol_address + pr.fields['r_addend']
+            symbol_type = symbol_type + 0x06  # PATCH_OBJECT_ARM32_ABS_THM
+            scale = 0x10000
+            #print(f" *> {pr.type} {patch_value=} {symbol_address=}, {function_offset=}, {pr.fields['r_addend']=}")
+
        else:
            raise NotImplementedError(f"Relocation type {pr.type} in {relocation.pelfy_reloc.target_section.name} pointing to {relocation.pelfy_reloc.symbol.name} not implemented")

@ -334,7 +391,8 @@ class stencil_database():
            func = self.elf.symbols[name]
            start_stencil, end_stencil = get_stencil_position(func)
            assert func.section
-            start_index = func.section['sh_offset'] + func['st_value'] + start_stencil
+
+            start_index = func.offset_in_file + start_stencil
            lengths = end_stencil - start_stencil
            self._stencil_cache[name] = (start_index, lengths)

@ -372,7 +430,7 @@ class stencil_database():

    def get_symbol_offset(self, name: str) -> int:
        """Returns the offset of a specified symbol in the section."""
-        return self.elf.symbols[name].fields['st_value']
+        return self.elf.symbols[name].offset_in_section

    def get_symbol_section_index(self, name: str) -> int:
        """Returns the section index for a specified symbol name."""
--- a/src/copapy/_target.py
+++ b/src/copapy/_target.py
@ -13,7 +13,15 @@ TRet = TypeVar("TRet", Iterable[int | float], int, float)
 _jit_cache: dict[Any, tuple['Target', tuple[value[Any] | Iterable[value[Any]], ...], NumLike | Iterable[NumLike]]] = {}


-def add_read_command(dw: binw.data_writer, variables: dict[Net, tuple[int, int, str]], net: Net) -> None:
+def add_read_value_remote(dw: binw.data_writer, variables: dict[Net, tuple[int, int, str]], net: Net) -> None:
+    """Adds a read memory to stdout command to the data_writer dw.
+
+    Arguments:
+        dw: data_writer to add the command to
+        variables: A dict for looking up variables by Net. The value is a tuple.
+            of relative address in memory, size in bytes and data type.
+        net: Variable specified by Net to read from memory and write to stdout.
+    """
    assert net in variables, f"Variable {net} not found in data writer variables"
    addr, lengths, _ = variables[net]
    dw.write_com(binw.Command.READ_DATA)
@ -188,5 +196,5 @@ class Target():
    def read_value_remote(self, variable: value[Any]) -> None:
        """Reads the raw data of a value by the runner."""
        dw = binw.data_writer(self.sdb.byteorder)
-        add_read_command(dw, self._values, variable.net)
+        add_read_value_remote(dw, self._values, variable.net)
        assert coparun(self._context, dw.get_data()) > 0
--- a/src/copapy/backend.py
+++ b/src/copapy/backend.py
@ -3,14 +3,14 @@ Backend module for Copapy: contains internal data types
 and give access to compiler internals and debugging tools.
 """

-from ._target import add_read_command
+from ._target import add_read_value_remote
 from ._basic_types import Net, Op, Node, CPConstant, Store, stencil_db_from_package
 from ._compiler import compile_to_dag, \
    stable_toposort, get_const_nets, get_all_dag_edges, add_load_ops, get_all_dag_edges_between, \
    add_store_ops, get_dag_stats

 __all__ = [
-    "add_read_command",
+    "add_read_value_remote",
    "Net",
    "Op",
    "Node",
--- a/src/coparun/coparun.c
+++ b/src/coparun/coparun.c
@ -1,3 +1,15 @@
+/*
+ * file: coparun.c
+ * Description: This file alows to run copapy programs in the command line
+ * reading copapy data, code and patch instructions from a file and jump to the
+ * entry point to execute it or dump the patched code memory for debugging to a file.
+ * 
+ * It's intended for testing and debugging purposes, to run copapy programs in a
+ * debugger or emulator like qemu.
+ * 
+ * Usage: coparun <code_file> [memory_dump_file]
+ */
+
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include "runmem.h"
--- a/src/coparun/coparun_module.c
+++ b/src/coparun/coparun_module.c
@ -1,3 +1,10 @@
+/*
+ * file: coparun_module.c
+ * Description: This file defines a Python C extension module that provides an
+ * interface to the core functions of the coparun runner, to run copapy programs
+ * directly local in Python.
+ */ 
+
 #define PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN
 #include <Python.h>
 #include "runmem.h"
--- a/src/coparun/mem_man.c
+++ b/src/coparun/mem_man.c
@ -1,3 +1,11 @@
+/*
+ * file: mem_man.c
+ * Description: This file contains memory management functions for the coparun
+ * runner, including allocation and deallocation of executable and data memory.
+ * Depending of the target operating system or bare metal environment, it
+ * handles memory management accordingly.
+*/
+
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
--- a/src/coparun/runmem.c
+++ b/src/coparun/runmem.c
@ -1,3 +1,10 @@
+/*
+ * file: runmem.c
+ * Description: This file contain the core functions of the runner
+ * to receive data, code and patch instruction, does the patching
+ * and jumps to the entry point of the copapy program
+ */
+
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
@ -50,6 +57,67 @@ void patch_arm32_abs(uint8_t *patch_addr, uint32_t imm16)
    *((uint32_t *)patch_addr) = instr;
 }

+void patch_arm_thm_abs(uint8_t *patch_addr, uint32_t imm16)
+{
+    // Thumb MOVW (T3) / MOVT (T1) encoding
+    
+    uint16_t *instr16 = (uint16_t *)patch_addr;
+    uint16_t first_half = instr16[0];
+    uint16_t second_half = instr16[1];
+
+    // Extract fields from imm16
+    uint32_t imm4 = (imm16 >> 12) & 0xF;
+    uint32_t i    = (imm16 >> 11) & 0x1;
+    uint32_t imm3 = (imm16 >> 8) & 0x7;
+    uint32_t imm8 = imm16 & 0xFF;
+
+    // Clear bits
+    first_half &= (uint16_t)(~(0x000F | (1 << 10)));
+    second_half &= (uint16_t)(~(0x00FF | (0x7 << 12)));
+
+    // Set new fields
+    first_half |= (uint16_t)((imm4 << 0) | (i << 10));
+    second_half |= (uint16_t)(imm8 | (imm3 << 12));
+
+    instr16[0] = first_half;
+    instr16[1] = second_half;
+}
+
+void patch_arm_thm_jump24(uint8_t *patch_addr, int32_t imm24)
+{
+    // Read the 32-bit instruction (two halfwords)
+    uint16_t *instr16 = (uint16_t *)patch_addr;
+    uint16_t first_half  = instr16[0];
+    uint16_t second_half = instr16[1];
+
+    // Thumb branch instructions always have LSB = 0 (halfword aligned)
+    // The imm24 offset in Thumb is shifted right by 1 when encoded
+    int32_t offset = imm24 >> 1;
+
+    // Split into S, J1, J2, imm10, imm11
+    uint32_t S     = (offset >> 23) & 0x1;
+    uint32_t I1    = (offset >> 22) & 0x1;
+    uint32_t I2    = (offset >> 21) & 0x1;
+    uint32_t imm10 = (offset >> 11) & 0x3FF;
+    uint32_t imm11 = offset & 0x7FF;
+
+    // Re-encode J1 and J2
+    uint32_t J1 = (~(I1 ^ S)) & 0x1;
+    uint32_t J2 = (~(I2 ^ S)) & 0x1;
+
+    // Clear old imm fields
+    first_half  &= 0xF800;           // Keep upper 5 bits
+    second_half &= 0xD000;           // Keep upper 5 bits
+
+    // Set new imm fields
+    first_half  |= (uint16_t)((S << 10) | imm10);
+    second_half |= (uint16_t)((J1 << 13) | (J2 << 11) | imm11);
+
+    // Write back
+    instr16[0] = first_half;
+    instr16[1] = second_half;
+}
+
 void free_memory(runmem_t *context) {
    deallocate_memory(context->executable_memory, context->executable_memory_len);
    deallocate_memory(context->data_memory, context->data_memory_len);
@ -180,6 +248,26 @@ int parse_commands(runmem_t *context, uint8_t *bytes) {
                patch_arm32_abs(context->executable_memory + offs, (uint32_t)((uintptr_t)(context->data_memory + value) & patch_mask) / (uint32_t)patch_scale);
                break;

+            case PATCH_FUNC_ARM32_THM:
+                offs = *(uint32_t*)bytes; bytes += 4;
+                patch_mask = *(uint32_t*)bytes; bytes += 4;
+                patch_scale = *(int32_t*)bytes; bytes += 4;
+                value = *(int32_t*)bytes; bytes += 4;
+                LOG("PATCH_FUNC_ARM32_THM patch_offs=%i patch_mask=%#08x scale=%i value=%i\n",
+                    offs, patch_mask, patch_scale, value);
+                patch_arm_thm_jump24(context->executable_memory + offs, value);
+                break;
+
+            case PATCH_OBJECT_ARM32_ABS_THM:
+                offs = *(uint32_t*)bytes; bytes += 4;
+                patch_mask = *(uint32_t*)bytes; bytes += 4;
+                patch_scale = *(int32_t*)bytes; bytes += 4;
+                value = *(int32_t*)bytes; bytes += 4;
+                LOG("PATCH_OBJECT_ARM32_ABS_THM patch_offs=%i patch_mask=%#08x scale=%i value=%i imm16=%#04x\n",
+                    offs, patch_mask, patch_scale, value, (uint32_t)((uintptr_t)(context->data_memory + value) & patch_mask) / (uint32_t)patch_scale);
+                patch_arm_thm_abs(context->executable_memory + offs, (uint32_t)((uintptr_t)(context->data_memory + value) & patch_mask) / (uint32_t)patch_scale);
+                break;
+
            case ENTRY_POINT:
                rel_entr_point = *(uint32_t*)bytes; bytes += 4;
                context->entr_point = (entry_point_t)(context->executable_memory + rel_entr_point);
--- a/src/coparun/runmem.h
+++ b/src/coparun/runmem.h
@ -1,3 +1,10 @@
+/**
+ * @file runmem.h
+ * @brief Header file for runmem.c, which contains core functions of
+ * the runner to receive data, code and patch instructions, perform
+ * patching, and jump to the entry point of the copapy program.
+ */
+
 #ifndef RUNMEM_H
 #define RUNMEM_H

@ -20,11 +27,13 @@
 #define ALLOCATE_CODE     3
 #define COPY_CODE         4
 #define PATCH_FUNC        0x1000
+#define PATCH_FUNC_ARM32_THM   0x1005
 #define PATCH_OBJECT      0x2000
 #define PATCH_OBJECT_HI21 0x2001
 #define PATCH_OBJECT_ABS  0x2002
 #define PATCH_OBJECT_REL  0x2003
 #define PATCH_OBJECT_ARM32_ABS 0x2004
+#define PATCH_OBJECT_ARM32_ABS_THM 0x2006
 #define ENTRY_POINT       7
 #define RUN_PROG         64
 #define READ_DATA        65
--- a/stencils/generate_stencils.py
+++ b/stencils/generate_stencils.py
@ -57,8 +57,8 @@ def norm_indent(f: Callable[..., str]) -> Callable[..., str]:
 def get_entry_function_shell() -> str:
    return f"""
    {entry_func_prefix}int entry_function_shell(){{
-        volatile char stack_place_holder[{stack_size}];
-        stack_place_holder[0] = 0;
+        //volatile char stack_place_holder[{stack_size}];
+        //stack_place_holder[0] = 0;
        result_int(0);
        return 1;
    }}
--- a/tests/test_branching_stencils.py
+++ b/tests/test_branching_stencils.py
@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 from copapy import value
-from copapy.backend import Store, compile_to_dag, add_read_command
+from copapy.backend import Store, compile_to_dag, add_read_value_remote
 import copapy as cp
 import subprocess
 from copapy import _binwrite
-import copapy.backend
 import pytest


@ -24,7 +23,7 @@ def test_compile():

    out = [Store(r) for r in ret_test]

-    il, variables = compile_to_dag(out, copapy.generic_sdb)
+    il, variables = compile_to_dag(out, cp.generic_sdb)

    # run program command
    il.write_com(_binwrite.Command.RUN_PROG)
@ -32,7 +31,7 @@ def test_compile():

    for v in ret_test:
        assert isinstance(v, value)
-        add_read_command(il, variables, v.net)
+        add_read_value_remote(il, variables, v.net)

    il.write_com(_binwrite.Command.END_COM)

--- a/tests/test_compile.py
+++ b/tests/test_compile.py
@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
 from copapy import NumLike
-from copapy.backend import Store, compile_to_dag, add_read_command
+from copapy.backend import Store, compile_to_dag, add_read_value_remote
 import copapy as cp
 import subprocess
 import struct
 from copapy import _binwrite
-import copapy.backend
 import pytest


@ -60,14 +59,14 @@ def test_compile():

    out = [Store(r) for r in ret]

-    il, variables = compile_to_dag(out, copapy.generic_sdb)
+    il, variables = compile_to_dag(out, cp.generic_sdb)

    # run program command
    il.write_com(_binwrite.Command.RUN_PROG)

    for v in ret:
        assert isinstance(v, cp.value)
-        add_read_command(il, variables, v.net)
+        add_read_value_remote(il, variables, v.net)

    il.write_com(_binwrite.Command.END_COM)

--- a/tests/test_compile_aarch64.py
+++ b/tests/test_compile_aarch64.py
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 from copapy import NumLike
-from copapy.backend import Store, compile_to_dag, add_read_command
+from copapy.backend import Store, compile_to_dag, add_read_value_remote
 import subprocess
 from copapy import _binwrite
 import copapy.backend as backend
@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ def test_compile():

    for v in ret:
        assert isinstance(v, cp.value)
-        add_read_command(il, variables, v.net)
+        add_read_value_remote(il, variables, v.net)

    il.write_com(_binwrite.Command.END_COM)

--- a/tests/test_compile_armv7.py
+++ b/tests/test_compile_armv7.py
@ -1,32 +1,45 @@
-from copapy import NumLike
-from copapy.backend import Store, compile_to_dag, add_read_command
-import subprocess
-from copapy import _binwrite
-import copapy.backend as backend
-import copapy as cp
 import os
+import subprocess
 import warnings
+
 import pytest

-if os.name == 'nt':
+import copapy as cp
+import copapy.backend as backend
+from copapy import NumLike, _binwrite
+from copapy.backend import Store, add_read_value_remote, compile_to_dag
+
+if os.name == "nt":
    # On Windows wsl and qemu-user is required:
    # sudo apt install qemu-user
-    qemu_command = ['wsl', 'qemu-arm']
+    qemu_command = ["wsl", "qemu-arm"]
 else:
-    qemu_command = ['qemu-arm']
+    qemu_command = ["qemu-arm"]


 def run_command(command: list[str]) -> str:
-    result = subprocess.run(command, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, encoding='utf8', check=False)
-    assert result.returncode != 11, f"SIGSEGV (segmentation fault)\n -Error occurred: {result.stderr}\n -Output: {result.stdout}"
-    assert result.returncode == 0, f"\n -Error occurred: {result.stderr}\n -Output: {result.stdout}"
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        command,
+        stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+        stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
+        encoding="utf8",
+        check=False,
+    )
+    assert result.returncode != 11, (
+        f"SIGSEGV (segmentation fault)\n -Error occurred: {result.stderr}\n -Output: {result.stdout}"
+    )
+    assert result.returncode == 0, (
+        f"\n -Error occurred: {result.stderr}\n -Output: {result.stdout}"
+    )
    return result.stdout


 def check_for_qemu() -> bool:
-    command = qemu_command + ['--version']
+    command = qemu_command + ["--version"]
    try:
-        result = subprocess.run(command, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, check=False)
+        result = subprocess.run(
+            command, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, check=False
+        )
    except Exception:
        return False
    return result.returncode == 0
@ -54,7 +67,7 @@ def test_compile():

    out = [Store(r) for r in ret]

-    sdb = backend.stencil_db_from_package('armv7')
+    sdb = backend.stencil_db_from_package("armv7")
    il, variables = compile_to_dag(out, sdb)

    # run program command
@ -63,27 +76,33 @@ def test_compile():

    for v in ret:
        assert isinstance(v, cp.value)
-        add_read_command(il, variables, v.net)
+        add_read_value_remote(il, variables, v.net)

    il.write_com(_binwrite.Command.END_COM)

    # print('* Data to runner:')
    # il.print()

-    il.to_file('build/runner/test-armv7.copapy')
+    il.to_file("build/runner/test-armv7.copapy")

    if not check_for_qemu():
-        warnings.warn("qemu-armv7 not found, aarch64 test skipped!", UserWarning)
-    elif not os.path.isfile('build/runner/coparun-armv7'):
+        warnings.warn("qemu-armv7 not found, test skipped!", UserWarning)
+    elif "wsl" in qemu_command:
+        warnings.warn("qemu-armv7 seams not work on wsl1, test skipped!", UserWarning)
+    elif not os.path.isfile("build/runner/coparun-armv7"):
        warnings.warn("armv7 runner not found, aarch64 test skipped!", UserWarning)
    else:
-        command = ['build/runner/coparun-armv7', 'build/runner/test-armv7.copapy', 'build/runner/test-armv7.copapy.bin']
+        command = [
+            "build/runner/coparun-armv7",
+            "build/runner/test-armv7.copapy",
+            "build/runner/test-armv7.copapy.bin",
+        ]
        result = run_command(qemu_command + command)
-        print('* Output from runner:\n--')
+        print("* Output from runner:\n--")
        print(result)
-        print('--')
+        print("--")

-        assert 'Return value: 1' in result
+        assert "Return value: 1" in result

        # Compare to x86_64 reference results
        assert " size=4 data=24 00 00 00" in result
--- a/tests/test_compile_div.py
+++ b/tests/test_compile_div.py
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from copapy import value, NumLike
-from copapy.backend import Store, compile_to_dag, add_read_command
-import copapy
+from copapy.backend import Store, compile_to_dag, add_read_value_remote
+import copapy as cp
 import subprocess
 from copapy import _binwrite
 import pytest
@ -28,14 +28,14 @@ def test_compile():

    out = [Store(r) for r in ret]

-    il, vars = compile_to_dag(out, copapy.generic_sdb)
+    il, vars = compile_to_dag(out, cp.generic_sdb)

    # run program command
    il.write_com(_binwrite.Command.RUN_PROG)

    for v in ret:
        assert isinstance(v, value)
-        add_read_command(il, vars, v.net)
+        add_read_value_remote(il, vars, v.net)

    il.write_com(_binwrite.Command.END_COM)

--- a/tests/test_compile_math.py
+++ b/tests/test_compile_math.py
@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 from copapy import value
-from copapy.backend import Store, compile_to_dag, add_read_command
+from copapy.backend import Store, compile_to_dag, add_read_value_remote
 import copapy as cp
 import subprocess
 from copapy import _binwrite
-import copapy.backend
 import pytest


@ -23,14 +22,14 @@ def test_compile_sqrt():

    out = [Store(r) for r in ret]

-    il, variables = compile_to_dag(out, copapy.generic_sdb)
+    il, variables = compile_to_dag(out, cp.generic_sdb)

    # run program command
    il.write_com(_binwrite.Command.RUN_PROG)

    for v in ret:
        assert isinstance(v, value)
-        add_read_command(il, variables, v.net)
+        add_read_value_remote(il, variables, v.net)

    il.write_com(_binwrite.Command.END_COM)

@ -57,14 +56,14 @@ def test_compile_log():

    out = [Store(r) for r in ret]

-    il, variables = compile_to_dag(out, copapy.generic_sdb)
+    il, variables = compile_to_dag(out, cp.generic_sdb)

    # run program command
    il.write_com(_binwrite.Command.RUN_PROG)

    for v in ret:
        assert isinstance(v, value)
-        add_read_command(il, variables, v.net)
+        add_read_value_remote(il, variables, v.net)

    il.write_com(_binwrite.Command.END_COM)

@ -91,14 +90,14 @@ def test_compile_sin():

    out = [Store(r) for r in ret]

-    il, variables = compile_to_dag(out, copapy.generic_sdb)
+    il, variables = compile_to_dag(out, cp.generic_sdb)

    # run program command
    il.write_com(_binwrite.Command.RUN_PROG)

    for v in ret:
-        assert isinstance(v, copapy.value)
-        add_read_command(il, variables, v.net)
+        assert isinstance(v, cp.value)
+        add_read_value_remote(il, variables, v.net)

    il.write_com(_binwrite.Command.END_COM)

--- a/tests/test_ops_aarch64.py
+++ b/tests/test_ops_aarch64.py
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 from copapy import NumLike, iif, value
-from copapy.backend import Store, compile_to_dag, add_read_command
+from copapy.backend import Store, compile_to_dag, add_read_value_remote
 import subprocess
 from copapy import _binwrite
 import copapy.backend as backend
@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ def test_compile():

    for v in ret_test:
        assert isinstance(v, value)
-        add_read_command(dw, variables, v.net)
+        add_read_value_remote(dw, variables, v.net)

    #dw.write_com(_binwrite.Command.READ_DATA)
    #dw.write_int(0)
--- a/tests/test_ops_armv6.py
+++ b/tests/test_ops_armv6.py
@ -1,21 +1,22 @@
-from copapy import NumLike, iif, value
-from copapy.backend import Store, compile_to_dag, add_read_command
-import subprocess
-from copapy import _binwrite
-import copapy.backend as backend
 import os
-import warnings
 import re
 import struct
-import pytest
-import copapy as cp
+import subprocess
+import warnings

-if os.name == 'nt':
+import pytest
+
+import copapy as cp
+import copapy.backend as backend
+from copapy import NumLike, _binwrite, iif, value
+from copapy.backend import Store, add_read_value_remote, compile_to_dag
+
+if os.name == "nt":
    # On Windows wsl and qemu-user is required:
    # sudo apt install qemu-user
-    qemu_command = ['wsl', 'qemu-arm']
+    qemu_command = ["wsl", "qemu-arm"]
 else:
-    qemu_command = ['qemu-arm']
+    qemu_command = ["qemu-arm"]


 def parse_results(log_text: str) -> dict[int, bytes]:
@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ def parse_results(log_text: str) -> dict[int, bytes]:
    var_dict: dict[int, bytes] = {}

    for match in matches:
-        value_str: list[str] = match.group(3).strip().split(' ')
+        value_str: list[str] = match.group(3).strip().split(" ")
        # print('--', value_str)
        value = bytes(int(v, base=16) for v in value_str)
        if len(value) <= 8:
@ -34,26 +35,49 @@ def parse_results(log_text: str) -> dict[int, bytes]:


 def run_command(command: list[str]) -> str:
-    result = subprocess.run(command, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, encoding='utf8', check=False)
-    assert result.returncode != 11, f"SIGSEGV (segmentation fault)\n -Error occurred: {result.stderr}\n -Output: {result.stdout}"
-    assert result.returncode == 0, f"\n -Error occurred: {result.stderr}\n -Output: {result.stdout}"
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        command,
+        stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+        stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
+        encoding="utf8",
+        check=False,
+    )
+    assert result.returncode != 11, (
+        f"SIGSEGV (segmentation fault)\n -Error occurred: {result.stderr}\n -Output: {result.stdout}"
+    )
+    assert result.returncode == 0, (
+        f"\n -Error occurred: {result.stderr}\n -Output: {result.stdout}"
+    )
    return result.stdout


 def check_for_qemu() -> bool:
-    command = qemu_command + ['--version']
+    command = qemu_command + ["--version"]
    try:
-        result = subprocess.run(command, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, check=False)
+        result = subprocess.run(
+            command, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, check=False
+        )
    except Exception:
        return False
    return result.returncode == 0


 def function1(c1: NumLike) -> list[NumLike]:
-    return [c1 / 4, c1 / -4, c1 // 4, c1 // -4, (c1 * -1) // 4,
-            c1 * 4, c1 * -4,
-            c1 + 4, c1 - 4,
-            c1 > 2, c1 > 100, c1 < 4, c1 < 100]
+    return [
+        c1 / 4,
+        c1 / -4,
+        c1 // 4,
+        c1 // -4,
+        (c1 * -1) // 4,
+        c1 * 4,
+        c1 * -4,
+        c1 + 4,
+        c1 - 4,
+        c1 > 2,
+        c1 > 100,
+        c1 < 4,
+        c1 < 100,
+    ]


 def function2(c1: NumLike) -> list[NumLike]:
@ -77,11 +101,13 @@ def function6(c1: NumLike) -> list[NumLike]:


 def iiftests(c1: NumLike) -> list[NumLike]:
-    return [iif(c1 > 5, 8, 9),
+    return [
+        iif(c1 > 5, 8, 9),
        iif(c1 < 5, 8.5, 9.5),
        iif(1 > 5, 3.3, 8.8) + c1,
        iif(1 < 5, c1 * 3.3, 8.8),
-            iif(c1 < 5, c1 * 3.3, 8.8)]
+        iif(c1 < 5, c1 * 3.3, 8.8),
+    ]


@pytest.mark.runner
@ -90,15 +116,39 @@ def test_compile():
    c_f = value(1.111)
    c_b = value(True)

-    ret_test = function1(c_i) + function1(c_f) + function2(c_i) + function2(c_f) + function3(c_i) + function4(c_i) + function5(c_b) + [value(9) % 2] + iiftests(c_i) + iiftests(c_f) + [cp.asin(c_i/10)]
-    ret_ref = function1(9) + function1(1.111) + function2(9) + function2(1.111) + function3(9) + function4(9) + function5(True) + [9 % 2] + iiftests(9) + iiftests(1.111) + [cp.asin(9/10)]
+    ret_test = (
+        function1(c_i)
+        + function1(c_f)
+        + function2(c_i)
+        + function2(c_f)
+        + function3(c_i)
+        + function4(c_i)
+        + function5(c_b)
+        + [value(9) % 2]
+        + iiftests(c_i)
+        + iiftests(c_f)
+        + [cp.asin(c_i / 10)]
+    )
+    ret_ref = (
+        function1(9)
+        + function1(1.111)
+        + function2(9)
+        + function2(1.111)
+        + function3(9)
+        + function4(9)
+        + function5(True)
+        + [9 % 2]
+        + iiftests(9)
+        + iiftests(1.111)
+        + [cp.asin(9 / 10)]
+    )

    # ret_test = (c_i * 100 // 5, c_f * 10 // 5)
    # ret_ref = (9 * 100 // 5, 1.111 * 10 // 5)

    out = [Store(r) for r in ret_test]

-    sdb = backend.stencil_db_from_package('armv6')
+    sdb = backend.stencil_db_from_package("armv6")
    dw, variables = compile_to_dag(out, sdb)

    # dw.write_com(_binwrite.Command.READ_DATA)
@ -111,7 +161,7 @@ def test_compile():

    for v in ret_test:
        assert isinstance(v, value)
-        add_read_command(dw, variables, v.net)
+        add_read_value_remote(dw, variables, v.net)

    # dw.write_com(_binwrite.Command.READ_DATA)
    # dw.write_int(0)
@ -122,16 +172,23 @@ def test_compile():
    # print('* Data to runner:')
    # dw.print()

-    dw.to_file('build/runner/test-armv6.copapy')
+    dw.to_file("build/runner/test-armv6.copapy")

    if not check_for_qemu():
        warnings.warn("qemu-armv6 not found, armv6 test skipped!", UserWarning)
        return
-    if not os.path.isfile('build/runner/coparun-armv6'):
+    if "wsl" in qemu_command:
+        warnings.warn("qemu-armv6 seams not work on wsl1, test skipped!", UserWarning)
+        return
+    if not os.path.isfile("build/runner/coparun-armv6"):
        warnings.warn("armv6 runner not found, armv6 test skipped!", UserWarning)
        return

-    command = qemu_command + ['build/runner/coparun-armv6', 'build/runner/test-armv6.copapy'] + ['build/runner/test-armv6.copapy.bin']
+    command = (
+        qemu_command
+        + ["build/runner/coparun-armv6", "build/runner/test-armv6.copapy"]
+        + ["build/runner/test-armv6.copapy.bin"]
+    )
    # try:
    result = run_command(command)
    # except FileNotFoundError:
@ -142,7 +199,7 @@ def test_compile():
    # print(result)
    # print('--')

-    assert 'Return value: 1' in result
+    assert "Return value: 1" in result

    result_data = parse_results(result)

@ -150,22 +207,25 @@ def test_compile():
        assert isinstance(test, value)
        address = variables[test.net][0]
        data = result_data[address]
-        if test.dtype == 'int':
+        if test.dtype == "int":
            val = int.from_bytes(data, sdb.byteorder, signed=True)
-        elif test.dtype == 'bool':
+        elif test.dtype == "bool":
            val = bool.from_bytes(data, sdb.byteorder)
-        elif test.dtype == 'float':
-            en = {'little': '<', 'big': '>'}[sdb.byteorder]
-            val = struct.unpack(en + 'f', data)[0]
+        elif test.dtype == "float":
+            en = {"little": "<", "big": ">"}[sdb.byteorder]
+            val = struct.unpack(en + "f", data)[0]
            assert isinstance(val, float)
        else:
            raise Exception(f"Unknown type: {test.dtype}")
-        print('+', val, ref, test.dtype, f"  addr={address}")
+        print("+", val, ref, test.dtype, f"  addr={address}")
        for t in (int, float, bool):
-            assert isinstance(val, t) == isinstance(ref, t), f"Result type does not match for {val} and {ref}"
-            assert val == pytest.approx(ref, 1e-5), f"Result does not match: {val} and reference: {ref}"  # pyright: ignore[reportUnknownMemberType]
+            assert isinstance(val, t) == isinstance(ref, t), (
+                f"Result type does not match for {val} and {ref}"
+            )
+            assert val == pytest.approx(ref, 1e-5), (
+                f"Result does not match: {val} and reference: {ref}"
+            )  # pyright: ignore[reportUnknownMemberType]


 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    #test_compile()
-    test_slow_31bit_int_list_hash()
+    test_compile()
--- a/tests/test_ops_armv7.py
+++ b/tests/test_ops_armv7.py
@ -1,21 +1,22 @@
-from copapy import NumLike, iif, value
-from copapy.backend import Store, compile_to_dag, add_read_command
-import subprocess
-from copapy import _binwrite
-import copapy.backend as backend
 import os
-import warnings
 import re
 import struct
-import pytest
-import copapy as cp
+import subprocess
+import warnings

-if os.name == 'nt':
+import pytest
+
+import copapy as cp
+import copapy.backend as backend
+from copapy import NumLike, _binwrite, iif, value
+from copapy.backend import Store, add_read_value_remote, compile_to_dag
+
+if os.name == "nt":
    # On Windows wsl and qemu-user is required:
    # sudo apt install qemu-user
-    qemu_command = ['wsl', 'qemu-arm']
+    qemu_command = ["wsl", "qemu-arm"]
 else:
-    qemu_command = ['qemu-arm']
+    qemu_command = ["qemu-arm"]


 def parse_results(log_text: str) -> dict[int, bytes]:
@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ def parse_results(log_text: str) -> dict[int, bytes]:
    var_dict: dict[int, bytes] = {}

    for match in matches:
-        value_str: list[str] = match.group(3).strip().split(' ')
+        value_str: list[str] = match.group(3).strip().split(" ")
        # print('--', value_str)
        value = bytes(int(v, base=16) for v in value_str)
        if len(value) <= 8:
@ -34,26 +35,49 @@ def parse_results(log_text: str) -> dict[int, bytes]:


 def run_command(command: list[str]) -> str:
-    result = subprocess.run(command, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, encoding='utf8', check=False)
-    assert result.returncode != 11, f"SIGSEGV (segmentation fault)\n -Error occurred: {result.stderr}\n -Output: {result.stdout}"
-    assert result.returncode == 0, f"\n -Error occurred: {result.stderr}\n -Output: {result.stdout}"
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        command,
+        stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+        stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
+        encoding="utf8",
+        check=False,
+    )
+    assert result.returncode != 11, (
+        f"SIGSEGV (segmentation fault)\n -Error occurred: {result.stderr}\n -Output: {result.stdout}"
+    )
+    assert result.returncode == 0, (
+        f"\n -Error occurred: {result.stderr}\n -Output: {result.stdout}"
+    )
    return result.stdout


 def check_for_qemu() -> bool:
-    command = qemu_command + ['--version']
+    command = qemu_command + ["--version"]
    try:
-        result = subprocess.run(command, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, check=False)
+        result = subprocess.run(
+            command, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, check=False
+        )
    except Exception:
        return False
    return result.returncode == 0


 def function1(c1: NumLike) -> list[NumLike]:
-    return [c1 / 4, c1 / -4, c1 // 4, c1 // -4, (c1 * -1) // 4,
-            c1 * 4, c1 * -4,
-            c1 + 4, c1 - 4,
-            c1 > 2, c1 > 100, c1 < 4, c1 < 100]
+    return [
+        c1 / 4,
+        c1 / -4,
+        c1 // 4,
+        c1 // -4,
+        (c1 * -1) // 4,
+        c1 * 4,
+        c1 * -4,
+        c1 + 4,
+        c1 - 4,
+        c1 > 2,
+        c1 > 100,
+        c1 < 4,
+        c1 < 100,
+    ]


 def function2(c1: NumLike) -> list[NumLike]:
@ -77,11 +101,13 @@ def function6(c1: NumLike) -> list[NumLike]:


 def iiftests(c1: NumLike) -> list[NumLike]:
-    return [iif(c1 > 5, 8, 9),
+    return [
+        iif(c1 > 5, 8, 9),
        iif(c1 < 5, 8.5, 9.5),
        iif(1 > 5, 3.3, 8.8) + c1,
        iif(1 < 5, c1 * 3.3, 8.8),
-            iif(c1 < 5, c1 * 3.3, 8.8)]
+        iif(c1 < 5, c1 * 3.3, 8.8),
+    ]


@pytest.mark.runner
@ -90,15 +116,39 @@ def test_compile():
    c_f = value(1.111)
    c_b = value(True)

-    ret_test = function1(c_i) + function1(c_f) + function2(c_i) + function2(c_f) + function3(c_i) + function4(c_i) + function5(c_b) + [value(9) % 2] + iiftests(c_i) + iiftests(c_f) + [cp.asin(c_i/10)]
-    ret_ref = function1(9) + function1(1.111) + function2(9) + function2(1.111) + function3(9) + function4(9) + function5(True) + [9 % 2] + iiftests(9) + iiftests(1.111) + [cp.asin(9/10)]
+    ret_test = (
+        function1(c_i)
+        + function1(c_f)
+        + function2(c_i)
+        + function2(c_f)
+        + function3(c_i)
+        + function4(c_i)
+        + function5(c_b)
+        + [value(9) % 2]
+        + iiftests(c_i)
+        + iiftests(c_f)
+        + [cp.asin(c_i / 10)]
+    )
+    ret_ref = (
+        function1(9)
+        + function1(1.111)
+        + function2(9)
+        + function2(1.111)
+        + function3(9)
+        + function4(9)
+        + function5(True)
+        + [9 % 2]
+        + iiftests(9)
+        + iiftests(1.111)
+        + [cp.asin(9 / 10)]
+    )

    # ret_test = (c_i * 100 // 5, c_f * 10 // 5)
    # ret_ref = (9 * 100 // 5, 1.111 * 10 // 5)

    out = [Store(r) for r in ret_test]

-    sdb = backend.stencil_db_from_package('armv7')
+    sdb = backend.stencil_db_from_package("armv7")
    dw, variables = compile_to_dag(out, sdb)

    # dw.write_com(_binwrite.Command.READ_DATA)
@ -111,7 +161,7 @@ def test_compile():

    for v in ret_test:
        assert isinstance(v, value)
-        add_read_command(dw, variables, v.net)
+        add_read_value_remote(dw, variables, v.net)

    # dw.write_com(_binwrite.Command.READ_DATA)
    # dw.write_int(0)
@ -122,27 +172,34 @@ def test_compile():
    # print('* Data to runner:')
    # dw.print()

-    dw.to_file('build/runner/test-armv7.copapy')
+    dw.to_file("build/runner/test-armv7.copapy")

    if not check_for_qemu():
        warnings.warn("qemu-armv7 not found, armv7 test skipped!", UserWarning)
        return
-    if not os.path.isfile('build/runner/coparun-armv7'):
+    if "wsl" in qemu_command:
+        warnings.warn("qemu-armv7 seams not work on wsl1, test skipped!", UserWarning)
+        return
+    if not os.path.isfile("build/runner/coparun-armv7"):
        warnings.warn("armv7 runner not found, armv7 test skipped!", UserWarning)
        return

-    command = qemu_command + ['build/runner/coparun-armv7', 'build/runner/test-armv7.copapy'] + ['build/runner/test-armv7.copapy.bin']
+    command = (
+        qemu_command
+        + ["build/runner/coparun-armv7", "build/runner/test-armv7.copapy"]
+        + ["build/runner/test-armv7.copapy.bin"]
+    )
    # try:
    result = run_command(command)
    # except FileNotFoundError:
    #    warnings.warn(f"Test skipped, executable not found.", UserWarning)
    #    return

-    print('* Output from runner:\n--')
+    print("* Output from runner:\n--")
    print(result)
-    print('--')
+    print("--")

-    assert 'Return value: 1' in result
+    assert "Return value: 1" in result

    result_data = parse_results(result)

@ -150,22 +207,25 @@ def test_compile():
        assert isinstance(test, value)
        address = variables[test.net][0]
        data = result_data[address]
-        if test.dtype == 'int':
+        if test.dtype == "int":
            val = int.from_bytes(data, sdb.byteorder, signed=True)
-        elif test.dtype == 'bool':
+        elif test.dtype == "bool":
            val = bool.from_bytes(data, sdb.byteorder)
-        elif test.dtype == 'float':
-            en = {'little': '<', 'big': '>'}[sdb.byteorder]
-            val = struct.unpack(en + 'f', data)[0]
+        elif test.dtype == "float":
+            en = {"little": "<", "big": ">"}[sdb.byteorder]
+            val = struct.unpack(en + "f", data)[0]
            assert isinstance(val, float)
        else:
            raise Exception(f"Unknown type: {test.dtype}")
-        print('+', val, ref, test.dtype, f"  addr={address}")
+        print("+", val, ref, test.dtype, f"  addr={address}")
        for t in (int, float, bool):
-            assert isinstance(val, t) == isinstance(ref, t), f"Result type does not match for {val} and {ref}"
-            assert val == pytest.approx(ref, 1e-5), f"Result does not match: {val} and reference: {ref}"  # pyright: ignore[reportUnknownMemberType]
+            assert isinstance(val, t) == isinstance(ref, t), (
+                f"Result type does not match for {val} and {ref}"
+            )
+            assert val == pytest.approx(ref, 1e-5), (
+                f"Result does not match: {val} and reference: {ref}"
+            )  # pyright: ignore[reportUnknownMemberType]


 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    #test_example()
-    test_slow_31bit_int_list_hash()
+    test_compile()
--- a/tests/test_ops_armv7mthumb.py
+++ b/tests/test_ops_armv7mthumb.py
@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+from copapy import NumLike, iif, value
+from copapy.backend import Store, compile_to_dag, add_read_value_remote
+import subprocess
+from copapy import _binwrite
+import copapy.backend as backend
+import os
+import warnings
+import re
+import struct
+import pytest
+import copapy as cp
+
+if os.name == 'nt':
+    # On Windows wsl and qemu-user is required:
+    # sudo apt install qemu-user
+    qemu_command = ['wsl', 'qemu-arm']
+else:
+    qemu_command = ['qemu-arm']
+
+
+def parse_results(log_text: str) -> dict[int, bytes]:
+    regex = r"^READ_DATA offs=(\d*) size=(\d*) data=(.*)$"
+    matches = re.finditer(regex, log_text, re.MULTILINE)
+    var_dict: dict[int, bytes] = {}
+
+    for match in matches:
+        value_str: list[str] = match.group(3).strip().split(' ')
+        #print('--', value_str)
+        value = bytes(int(v, base=16) for v in value_str)
+        if len(value) <= 8:
+            var_dict[int(match.group(1))] = value
+
+    return var_dict
+
+
+def run_command(command: list[str]) -> str:
+    result = subprocess.run(command, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, encoding='utf8', check=False)
+    assert result.returncode != 11, f"SIGSEGV (segmentation fault)\n -Error occurred: {result.stderr}\n -Output: {result.stdout}"
+    assert result.returncode == 0, f"\n -Error occurred: {result.stderr}\n -Output: {result.stdout}"
+    return result.stdout
+
+
+def check_for_qemu() -> bool:
+    command = qemu_command + ['--version']
+    try:
+        result = subprocess.run(command, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, check=False)
+    except Exception:
+        return False
+    return result.returncode == 0
+
+
+def function1(c1: NumLike) -> list[NumLike]:
+    return [c1 / 4, c1 / -4, c1 // 4, c1 // -4, (c1 * -1) // 4,
+            c1 * 4, c1 * -4,
+            c1 + 4, c1 - 4,
+            c1 > 2, c1 > 100, c1 < 4, c1 < 100]
+
+def function1ex(c1: NumLike) -> list[NumLike]:
+    return [c1 // 4]
+
+
+def function2(c1: NumLike) -> list[NumLike]:
+    return [c1 * 4.44, c1 * -4.44]
+
+
+def function3(c1: NumLike) -> list[NumLike]:
+    return [c1 / 4]
+
+
+def function4(c1: NumLike) -> list[NumLike]:
+    return [c1 == 9, c1 == 4, c1 != 9, c1 != 4]
+
+
+def function5(c1: NumLike) -> list[NumLike]:
+    return [c1 == True, c1 == False, c1 != True, c1 != False, c1 / 2, c1 + 2]
+
+
+def function6(c1: NumLike) -> list[NumLike]:
+    return [c1 == True]
+
+
+def iiftests(c1: NumLike) -> list[NumLike]:
+    return [iif(c1 > 5, 8, 9),
+            iif(c1 < 5, 8.5, 9.5),
+            iif(1 > 5, 3.3, 8.8) + c1,
+            iif(1 < 5, c1 * 3.3, 8.8),
+            iif(c1 < 5, c1 * 3.3, 8.8)]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.runner
+def test_compile():
+    c_i = value(9)
+    c_f = value(1.111)
+    c_b = value(True)
+
+    ret_test = function1(c_i) + function1(c_f) + function2(c_i) + function2(c_f) + function3(c_i) + function4(c_i) + function5(c_b) + [value(9) % 2] + iiftests(c_i) + iiftests(c_f) + [cp.asin(c_i/10)]
+    ret_ref = function1(9) + function1(1.111) + function2(9) + function2(1.111) + function3(9) + function4(9) + function5(True) + [9 % 2] + iiftests(9) + iiftests(1.111) + [cp.asin(9/10)]
+
+    out = [Store(r) for r in ret_test]
+
+    sdb = backend.stencil_db_from_package('armv7mthumb')
+    dw, variables = compile_to_dag(out, sdb)
+
+    #dw.write_com(_binwrite.Command.READ_DATA)
+    #dw.write_int(0)
+    #dw.write_int(28)
+
+    du = dw.copy()
+    dw.write_com(_binwrite.Command.RUN_PROG)
+    du.write_com(_binwrite.Command.DUMP_CODE)
+
+    for v in ret_test:
+        assert isinstance(v, value)
+        add_read_value_remote(dw, variables, v.net)
+
+    #dw.write_com(_binwrite.Command.READ_DATA)
+    #dw.write_int(0)
+    #dw.write_int(28)
+
+    dw.write_com(_binwrite.Command.END_COM)
+    du.write_com(_binwrite.Command.END_COM)
+
+    #print('* Data to runner:')
+    #dw.print()
+
+    dw.to_file('build/runner/test-armv7mthumb.copapy')
+    du.to_file('build/runner/test-armv7mthumb-dump.copapy')
+
+    if not check_for_qemu():
+        warnings.warn("qemu-armv7 not found, armv7 test skipped!", UserWarning)
+        return
+    if not os.path.isfile('build/runner/coparun-armv7'):
+        warnings.warn("armv7 runner not found, armv7 test skipped!", UserWarning)
+        return
+
+    print('----- Dump code...')
+    command = qemu_command + ['build/runner/coparun-armv7', 'build/runner/test-armv7mthumb-dump.copapy', 'build/runner/test.copapy-armv7mthumb.bin']
+    result = run_command(command)
+
+    print('----- Run code...')
+    command = qemu_command + ['build/runner/coparun-armv7', 'build/runner/test-armv7mthumb.copapy']
+    result = run_command(command)
+
+
+    print('* Output from runner:\n--')
+    print(result)
+    print('--')
+
+    assert 'Return value: 1' in result
+
+    result_data = parse_results(result)
+
+    for test, ref in zip(ret_test, ret_ref):
+        assert isinstance(test, value)
+        address = variables[test.net][0]
+        data = result_data[address]
+        if test.dtype == 'int':
+            val = int.from_bytes(data, sdb.byteorder, signed=True)
+        elif test.dtype == 'bool':
+            val = bool.from_bytes(data, sdb.byteorder)
+        elif test.dtype == 'float':
+            en = {'little': '<', 'big': '>'}[sdb.byteorder]
+            val = struct.unpack(en + 'f', data)[0]
+            assert isinstance(val, float)
+        else:
+            raise Exception(f"Unknown type: {test.dtype}")
+        print('+', val, ref, test.dtype, f"  addr={address}")
+        for t in (int, float, bool):
+            assert isinstance(val, t) == isinstance(ref, t), f"Result type does not match for {val} and {ref}"
+            assert val == pytest.approx(ref, 1e-5), f"Result does not match: {val} and reference: {ref}"  # pyright: ignore[reportUnknownMemberType]
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    test_compile()
--- a/tests/test_ops_armv7thumb.py
+++ b/tests/test_ops_armv7thumb.py
@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+from copapy import NumLike, iif, value
+from copapy.backend import Store, compile_to_dag, add_read_value_remote
+import subprocess
+from copapy import _binwrite
+import copapy.backend as backend
+import os
+import warnings
+import re
+import struct
+import pytest
+import copapy as cp
+
+if os.name == 'nt':
+    # On Windows wsl and qemu-user is required:
+    # sudo apt install qemu-user
+    qemu_command = ['wsl', 'qemu-arm']
+else:
+    qemu_command = ['qemu-arm']
+
+
+def parse_results(log_text: str) -> dict[int, bytes]:
+    regex = r"^READ_DATA offs=(\d*) size=(\d*) data=(.*)$"
+    matches = re.finditer(regex, log_text, re.MULTILINE)
+    var_dict: dict[int, bytes] = {}
+
+    for match in matches:
+        value_str: list[str] = match.group(3).strip().split(' ')
+        #print('--', value_str)
+        value = bytes(int(v, base=16) for v in value_str)
+        if len(value) <= 8:
+            var_dict[int(match.group(1))] = value
+
+    return var_dict
+
+
+def run_command(command: list[str]) -> str:
+    result = subprocess.run(command, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, encoding='utf8', check=False)
+    assert result.returncode != 11, f"SIGSEGV (segmentation fault)\n -Error occurred: {result.stderr}\n -Output: {result.stdout}"
+    assert result.returncode == 0, f"\n -Error occurred: {result.stderr}\n -Output: {result.stdout}"
+    return result.stdout
+
+
+def check_for_qemu() -> bool:
+    command = qemu_command + ['--version']
+    try:
+        result = subprocess.run(command, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, check=False)
+    except Exception:
+        return False
+    return result.returncode == 0
+
+
+def function1(c1: NumLike) -> list[NumLike]:
+    return [c1 / 4, c1 / -4, c1 // 4, c1 // -4, (c1 * -1) // 4,
+            c1 * 4, c1 * -4,
+            c1 + 4, c1 - 4,
+            c1 > 2, c1 > 100, c1 < 4, c1 < 100]
+
+def function1ex(c1: NumLike) -> list[NumLike]:
+    return [c1 // 4]
+
+
+def function2(c1: NumLike) -> list[NumLike]:
+    return [c1 * 4.44, c1 * -4.44]
+
+
+def function3(c1: NumLike) -> list[NumLike]:
+    return [c1 / 4]
+
+
+def function4(c1: NumLike) -> list[NumLike]:
+    return [c1 == 9, c1 == 4, c1 != 9, c1 != 4]
+
+
+def function5(c1: NumLike) -> list[NumLike]:
+    return [c1 == True, c1 == False, c1 != True, c1 != False, c1 / 2, c1 + 2]
+
+
+def function6(c1: NumLike) -> list[NumLike]:
+    return [c1 == True]
+
+
+def iiftests(c1: NumLike) -> list[NumLike]:
+    return [iif(c1 > 5, 8, 9),
+            iif(c1 < 5, 8.5, 9.5),
+            iif(1 > 5, 3.3, 8.8) + c1,
+            iif(1 < 5, c1 * 3.3, 8.8),
+            iif(c1 < 5, c1 * 3.3, 8.8)]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.runner
+def test_compile():
+    c_i = value(9)
+    c_f = value(1.111)
+    c_b = value(True)
+
+    ret_test = function1(c_i) + function1(c_f) + function2(c_i) + function2(c_f) + function3(c_i) + function4(c_i) + function5(c_b) + [value(9) % 2] + iiftests(c_i) + iiftests(c_f) + [cp.asin(c_i/10)]
+    ret_ref = function1(9) + function1(1.111) + function2(9) + function2(1.111) + function3(9) + function4(9) + function5(True) + [9 % 2] + iiftests(9) + iiftests(1.111) + [cp.asin(9/10)]
+
+    out = [Store(r) for r in ret_test]
+
+    sdb = backend.stencil_db_from_package('armv7thumb')
+    dw, variables = compile_to_dag(out, sdb)
+
+    #dw.write_com(_binwrite.Command.READ_DATA)
+    #dw.write_int(0)
+    #dw.write_int(28)
+
+    du = dw.copy()
+    dw.write_com(_binwrite.Command.RUN_PROG)
+    du.write_com(_binwrite.Command.DUMP_CODE)
+
+    for v in ret_test:
+        assert isinstance(v, value)
+        add_read_value_remote(dw, variables, v.net)
+
+    #dw.write_com(_binwrite.Command.READ_DATA)
+    #dw.write_int(0)
+    #dw.write_int(28)
+
+    dw.write_com(_binwrite.Command.END_COM)
+    du.write_com(_binwrite.Command.END_COM)
+
+    #print('* Data to runner:')
+    #dw.print()
+
+    dw.to_file('build/runner/test-armv7thumb.copapy')
+    du.to_file('build/runner/test-armv7thumb-dump.copapy')
+
+    if not check_for_qemu():
+        warnings.warn("qemu-armv7 not found, armv7 test skipped!", UserWarning)
+        return
+    if not os.path.isfile('build/runner/coparun-armv7'):
+        warnings.warn("armv7 runner not found, armv7 test skipped!", UserWarning)
+        return
+
+    print('----- Dump code...')
+    command = qemu_command + ['build/runner/coparun-armv7', 'build/runner/test-armv7thumb-dump.copapy', 'build/runner/test.copapy-armv7thumb.bin']
+    result = run_command(command)
+
+    print('----- Run code...')
+    command = qemu_command + ['build/runner/coparun-armv7', 'build/runner/test-armv7thumb.copapy']
+    result = run_command(command)
+
+
+    print('* Output from runner:\n--')
+    print(result)
+    print('--')
+
+    assert 'Return value: 1' in result
+
+    result_data = parse_results(result)
+
+    for test, ref in zip(ret_test, ret_ref):
+        assert isinstance(test, value)
+        address = variables[test.net][0]
+        data = result_data[address]
+        if test.dtype == 'int':
+            val = int.from_bytes(data, sdb.byteorder, signed=True)
+        elif test.dtype == 'bool':
+            val = bool.from_bytes(data, sdb.byteorder)
+        elif test.dtype == 'float':
+            en = {'little': '<', 'big': '>'}[sdb.byteorder]
+            val = struct.unpack(en + 'f', data)[0]
+            assert isinstance(val, float)
+        else:
+            raise Exception(f"Unknown type: {test.dtype}")
+        print('+', val, ref, test.dtype, f"  addr={address}")
+        for t in (int, float, bool):
+            assert isinstance(val, t) == isinstance(ref, t), f"Result type does not match for {val} and {ref}"
+            assert val == pytest.approx(ref, 1e-5), f"Result does not match: {val} and reference: {ref}"  # pyright: ignore[reportUnknownMemberType]
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    test_compile()
+
+
+"""
+qemu-arm -d in_asm,exec,cpu_reset -D qemu.log build/runner/coparun-armv7thumb build/runner/test-armv7thumb.copapy build/runner/test.copapy-armv7thumb.bin
+
+qemu-arm -d in_asm,exec -D qemu_trace.log \
+  -global driver=pl011.audiomaddr,property=addr,value=0xff7ec000 \
+  -global driver=pl011.audiomaddr,property=size,value=0x100000 \
+  your_binary
+"""
--- a/tests/test_ops_x86.py
+++ b/tests/test_ops_x86.py
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 from copapy import NumLike, iif, value
-from copapy.backend import Store, compile_to_dag, add_read_command
+from copapy.backend import Store, compile_to_dag, add_read_value_remote
 import subprocess
 from copapy import _binwrite
 import copapy.backend as backend
@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ def test_compile():

    for v in ret_test:
        assert isinstance(v, value)
-        add_read_command(dw, variables, v.net)
+        add_read_value_remote(dw, variables, v.net)

    #dw.write_com(_binwrite.Command.READ_DATA)
    #dw.write_int(0)
@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ def test_vector_compile():

    for v in ret:
        assert isinstance(v, cp.value)
-        add_read_command(il, variables, v.net)
+        add_read_value_remote(il, variables, v.net)

    il.write_com(_binwrite.Command.END_COM)

@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ def test_sinus():

    for v in ret_test:
        assert isinstance(v, value)
-        add_read_command(dw, variables, v.net)
+        add_read_value_remote(dw, variables, v.net)

    #dw.write_com(_binwrite.Command.READ_DATA)
    #dw.write_int(0)
--- a/tests/test_stencil_db.py
+++ b/tests/test_stencil_db.py
@ -19,11 +19,18 @@ def test_start_end_function():

        if symbol.relocations and symbol.relocations[-1].symbol.info == 'STT_NOTYPE':

-            print('-', sym_name, get_stencil_position(symbol), len(symbol.data))
+            if symbol.section and symbol.section.name == '.text':
+                print('SKIP', sym_name, '(Aux function, not a stencil)')
+                continue
+
+            if symbol.section:
+                function_size = symbol.section.fields['sh_size']  # len(symbol.data) excludes nop after the function
+
+                print('-', sym_name, get_stencil_position(symbol), function_size)

                start, end = get_stencil_position(symbol)

-            assert start >= 0 and end >= start and end <= len(symbol.data)
+                assert (start >= 0 and end >= start and end <= function_size)


 def test_aux_functions():
--- a/tools/build.sh
+++ b/tools/build.sh
@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 #!/bin/bash
-set -eux
+set -eu

 ARCH=${1:-x86_64}

 case "$ARCH" in
-    (x86_64|arm-v6|arm-v7|all)
+    (x86_64|arm64|arm-v6|arm-v7|arm-v7-thumb|arm-v7m-thumb|all)
        ;;
    (*)
-        echo "Usage: $0 [x86_64|arm-v6|arm-v7|all]"
+        echo "Usage: $0 [x86_64|arm64|arm-v6|arm-v7|arm-v6-thumb|arm-v7m-thumb|all]"
        exit 1
        ;;
 esac
@ -42,13 +42,44 @@ if [[ "$ARCH" == "x86_64" || "$ARCH" == "all" ]]; then
        -o build/runner/coparun
 fi

+#######################################
+# ARM 64
+#######################################
+if [[ "$ARCH" == "arm64" || "$ARCH" == "all" ]]; then
+    echo "--------------arm64----------------"
+
+    LIBGCC=$(aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc -print-libgcc-file-name)
+
+    aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc -fno-pic -ffunction-sections \
+        -c $SRC -O3 -o build/stencils/stencils.o
+
+    aarch64-linux-gnu-ld -r \
+        build/stencils/stencils.o \
+        build/musl/musl_objects_arm64.o \
+        $LIBGCC \
+        -o $DEST/stencils_arm64_O3.o
+
+    aarch64-linux-gnu-objdump -d -x \
+        $DEST/stencils_arm64_O3.o \
+        > build/stencils/stencils_arm64_O3.asm
+
+    aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc \
+        -Wall -Wextra -Wconversion -Wsign-conversion -static \
+        -Wshadow -Wstrict-overflow -O3 \
+        -DENABLE_LOGGING \
+        src/coparun/runmem.c \
+        src/coparun/coparun.c \
+        src/coparun/mem_man.c \
+        -o build/runner/coparun-arm64
+fi
+
 #######################################
 # ARM v6
 #######################################
 if [[ "$ARCH" == "arm-v6" || "$ARCH" == "all" ]]; then
    echo "--------------arm-v6 32 bit----------------"

-    LIBGCC=$(arm-none-eabi-gcc -print-libgcc-file-name)
+    LIBGCC=$(arm-none-eabi-gcc -march=armv6 -mfpu=vfp -mfloat-abi=hard -marm -print-libgcc-file-name)

    arm-none-eabi-gcc -fno-pic -ffunction-sections \
        -march=armv6 -mfpu=vfp -mfloat-abi=hard -marm \
@ -81,7 +112,7 @@ fi
 if [[ "$ARCH" == "arm-v7" || "$ARCH" == "all" ]]; then
    echo "--------------arm-v7 32 bit----------------"

-    LIBGCC=$(arm-none-eabi-gcc -print-libgcc-file-name)
+    LIBGCC=$(arm-none-eabi-gcc -march=armv7-a -mfpu=neon-vfpv3 -mfloat-abi=hard -marm -print-libgcc-file-name)

    arm-none-eabi-gcc -fno-pic -ffunction-sections \
        -march=armv7-a -mfpu=neon-vfpv3 -mfloat-abi=hard -marm \
@ -97,6 +128,7 @@ if [[ "$ARCH" == "arm-v7" || "$ARCH" == "all" ]]; then
        $DEST/stencils_armv7_O3.o \
        > build/stencils/stencils_armv7_O3.asm

+    # The same runner for all ARM7
    arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc \
        -march=armv7-a -mfpu=neon-vfpv3 -mfloat-abi=hard -marm -static \
        -Wall -Wextra -Wconversion -Wsign-conversion \
@ -107,3 +139,71 @@ if [[ "$ARCH" == "arm-v7" || "$ARCH" == "all" ]]; then
        src/coparun/mem_man.c \
        -o build/runner/coparun-armv7
 fi
+
+#######################################
+# ARM v7 thumb Cortex-A
+#######################################
+if [[ "$ARCH" == "arm-v7-thumb" || "$ARCH" == "all" ]]; then
+    echo "--------------arm-v7a-thumb 32 bit----------------"
+
+    LIBGCC=$(arm-none-eabi-gcc -march=armv7 -mfpu=vfp3 -mthumb -print-libgcc-file-name)
+
+    arm-none-eabi-gcc -fno-pic -ffunction-sections \
+        -march=armv7-a -mfpu=neon-vfpv3 -mfloat-abi=hard -mthumb \
+        -c $SRC -O3 -o build/stencils/stencils.o
+
+    arm-none-eabi-ld -r \
+        build/stencils/stencils.o \
+        build/musl/musl_objects_armv7thumb.o \
+        $LIBGCC \
+        -o $DEST/stencils_armv7thumb_O3.o
+
+    arm-none-eabi-objdump -d -x \
+        $DEST/stencils_armv7thumb_O3.o \
+        > build/stencils/stencils_armv7thumb_O3.asm
+
+    # The same runner for all ARM7
+    arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc \
+        -march=armv7-a -mfpu=neon-vfpv3 -mfloat-abi=hard -static \
+        -Wall -Wextra -Wconversion -Wsign-conversion \
+        -Wshadow -Wstrict-overflow -O3 \
+        -DENABLE_LOGGING \
+        src/coparun/runmem.c \
+        src/coparun/coparun.c \
+        src/coparun/mem_man.c \
+        -o build/runner/coparun-armv7thumb
+fi
+
+#######################################
+# ARM v7 thumb Cortex-M
+#######################################
+if [[ "$ARCH" == "arm-v7m-thumb" || "$ARCH" == "all" ]]; then
+    echo "--------------arm-v7m-thumb 32 bit----------------"
+
+    LIBGCC=$(arm-none-eabi-gcc -march=armv7e-m -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16 -mfloat-abi=hard -mthumb -print-libgcc-file-name)
+
+    arm-none-eabi-gcc -fno-pic -ffunction-sections \
+        -march=armv7e-m -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16 -mfloat-abi=hard -mthumb \
+        -c $SRC -O3 -o build/stencils/stencils.o
+
+    arm-none-eabi-ld -r \
+        build/stencils/stencils.o \
+        build/musl/musl_objects_armv7mthumb.o \
+        $LIBGCC \
+        -o $DEST/stencils_armv7mthumb_O3.o
+
+    arm-none-eabi-objdump -d -x \
+        $DEST/stencils_armv7mthumb_O3.o \
+        > build/stencils/stencils_armv7mthumb_O3.asm
+
+    # The same runner for all ARM7
+    arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc \
+        -march=armv7-a -mfpu=neon-vfpv3 -mfloat-abi=hard -static \
+        -Wall -Wextra -Wconversion -Wsign-conversion \
+        -Wshadow -Wstrict-overflow -O3 \
+        -DENABLE_LOGGING \
+        src/coparun/runmem.c \
+        src/coparun/coparun.c \
+        src/coparun/mem_man.c \
+        -o build/runner/coparun-armv7thumb
+fi
--- a/tools/create_asm.sh
+++ b/tools/create_asm.sh
@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ cparch=$(python3 -c "import copapy; print(copapy._stencils.detect_process_arch()
 # Disassemble stencil object file
 objdump -d -x src/copapy/obj/stencils_${cparch}_O3.o > build/runner/stencils.asm

-# Create example code disassembly
 python3 tools/make_example.py
 build/runner/coparun build/runner/test.copapy build/runner/test.copapy.bin

@ -28,6 +27,10 @@ fi

 echo "Archtitecture: '$cparch'"

+if [[ "$cparch" == *"thumb"* ]]; then
+	objdump -D -b binary -marm -M force-thumb --adjust-vma=0x10000 build/runner/test.copapy.bin > build/runner/example.asm
+else
 	objdump -D -b binary -m $cparch --adjust-vma=0x10000 build/runner/test.copapy.bin > build/runner/example.asm
+fi

 rm build/runner/test.copapy.bin
--- a/tools/cross_compiler_unix/build_musl.sh
+++ b/tools/cross_compiler_unix/build_musl.sh
@ -26,8 +26,11 @@ sh ../packobjs.sh arm-none-eabi-gcc arm-none-eabi-ld /object_files/musl_objects_
 # Armv7
 sh ../packobjs.sh arm-none-eabi-gcc arm-none-eabi-ld /object_files/musl_objects_armv7.o "-march=armv7-a -mfpu=neon-vfpv3 -mfloat-abi=hard -marm"

+# Armv7 Thumb for Cortex-A
+sh ../packobjs.sh arm-none-eabi-gcc arm-none-eabi-ld /object_files/musl_objects_armv7thumb.o "-march=armv7-a -mfpu=neon-vfpv3 -mfloat-abi=hard -mthumb"
+
 # Armv7 Thumb for Cortex-M3..7
-sh ../packobjs.sh arm-none-eabi-gcc arm-none-eabi-ld /object_files/musl_objects_armv7thumb.o "-march=armv7e-m -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16 -mfloat-abi=hard -mthumb"
+sh ../packobjs.sh arm-none-eabi-gcc arm-none-eabi-ld /object_files/musl_objects_armv7mthumb.o "-march=armv7e-m -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16 -mfloat-abi=hard -mthumb"

 #sh ../packobjs.sh mips mips-linux-gnu-gcc-13 mips-linux-gnu-ld

--- a/tools/cross_compiler_unix/packobjs.sh
+++ b/tools/cross_compiler_unix/packobjs.sh
@ -25,14 +25,16 @@ ar x ../../musl/lib/libc.a sinf.o cosf.o tanf.o asinf.o acosf.o atanf.o atan2f.o
 ar x ../../musl/lib/libc.a sqrtf.o logf.o expf.o sqrt.o
 ar x ../../musl/lib/libc.a logf_data.o __tandf.o __cosdf.o __sindf.o
 ar x ../../musl/lib/libc.a fabsf.o scalbn.o floor.o floorf.o exp2f_data.o powf.o powf_data.o
-ar x ../../musl/lib/libc.a __rem_pio2f.o __math_invalidf.o __stack_chk_fail.o __math_divzerof.o __math_oflowf.o __rem_pio2_large.o __math_uflowf.o __math_xflowf.o
+ar x ../../musl/lib/libc.a __rem_pio2f.o __math_invalid.o __math_invalidf.o __stack_chk_fail.o
+ar x ../../musl/lib/libc.a __math_divzerof.o __math_oflowf.o __rem_pio2_large.o __math_uflowf.o __math_xflowf.o sqrt_data.o

 # Check out .lo (PIC)
 ar x ../../musl/lib/libc.a sinf.lo cosf.lo tanf.lo asinf.lo acosf.lo atanf.lo atan2f.lo
 ar x ../../musl/lib/libc.a sqrtf.lo logf.lo expf.lo sqrt.lo
 ar x ../../musl/lib/libc.a logf_data.lo __tandf.lo __cosdf.lo __sindf.lo
 ar x ../../musl/lib/libc.a fabsf.lo scalbn.lo floor.lo floorf.o exp2f_data.lo powf.lo powf_data.lo
-ar x ../../musl/lib/libc.a __rem_pio2f.lo __math_invalidf.lo __stack_chk_fail.lo __math_divzerof.lo __math_oflowf.lo __rem_pio2_large.lo __math_uflowf.lo __math_xflowf.lo
+ar x ../../musl/lib/libc.a __rem_pio2f.lo __math_invalid.lo __math_invalidf.lo __stack_chk_fail.lo
+ar x ../../musl/lib/libc.a __math_divzerof.lo __math_oflowf.lo __rem_pio2_large.lo __math_uflowf.lo __math_xflowf.lo sqrt_data.lo

 cd ../../musl

--- a/tools/crosscompile.sh
+++ b/tools/crosscompile.sh
@ -36,15 +36,20 @@ arm-none-eabi-gcc -march=armv6 -mfpu=vfp -mfloat-abi=hard -marm $FLAGS -$OPT -c
 LIBGCC=$(arm-none-eabi-gcc -print-libgcc-file-name)
 arm-none-eabi-ld -r $STMP /object_files/musl_objects_armv6.o $LIBGCC -o $DEST/stencils_armv6_$OPT.o

-# ARMv7 hardware fp
+# ARMv7 hardware fp for Cortex-A
 arm-none-eabi-gcc -march=armv7-a -mfpu=neon-vfpv3 -mfloat-abi=hard -marm $FLAGS -$OPT -c $SRC -o $STMP
 LIBGCC=$(arm-none-eabi-gcc -print-libgcc-file-name)
 arm-none-eabi-ld -r $STMP /object_files/musl_objects_armv7.o $LIBGCC -o $DEST/stencils_armv7_$OPT.o

+# ARMv7 Thumb for Cortex-A with hardware fp
+arm-none-eabi-gcc -march=armv7-a -mfpu=neon-vfpv3 -mfloat-abi=hard -mthumb $FLAGS -$OPT -c $SRC -o $STMP
+LIBGCC=$(arm-none-eabi-gcc -march=armv7 -mfpu=vfp3 -mthumb -print-libgcc-file-name)
+arm-none-eabi-ld -r $STMP /object_files/musl_objects_armv7thumb.o $LIBGCC -o $DEST/stencils_armv7thumb_$OPT.o
+
 # Armv7 Thumb for Cortex-M3..7 hardware fp
 arm-none-eabi-gcc -march=armv7e-m -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16 -mfloat-abi=hard -mthumb $FLAGS -$OPT -c $SRC -o $STMP
-LIBGCC=$(arm-none-eabi-gcc -print-libgcc-file-name)
-arm-none-eabi-ld -r $STMP /object_files/musl_objects_armv7thumb.o $LIBGCC -o $DEST/stencils_armv7thumb_$OPT.o
+LIBGCC=$(arm-none-eabi-gcc -march=armv7e-m -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16 -mfloat-abi=hard -mthumb -print-libgcc-file-name)
+arm-none-eabi-ld -r $STMP /object_files/musl_objects_armv7mthumb.o $LIBGCC -o $DEST/stencils_armv7mthumb_$OPT.o

 # PowerPC64LE
 # powerpc64le-linux-gnu-gcc-13 $FLAGS -$OPT -c $SRC -o $DEST/stencils_ppc64le_$OPT.o
--- a/tools/inspect.sh
+++ b/tools/inspect.sh
@ -14,3 +14,5 @@ objdump -D -b binary -m i386:x86-64 --adjust-vma=0x1000 build/runner/test.copapy

 build/runner/coparun-armv7 build/runner/test-armv7.copapy build/runner/test.copapy-armv7.bin
 arm-none-eabi-objdump -D -b binary -marm --adjust-vma=0x50000 build/runner/test.copapy-armv7.bin > build/runner/test.copapy-armv7.asm
+
+# arm-none-eabi-objdump -D -b binary -marm -M force-thumb --adjust-vma=0x50001 build/runner/test.copapy-armv7thumb.bin > build/runner/test.copapy-armv7thumb.asm
--- a/tools/test_example_code.sh
+++ b/tools/test_example_code.sh
@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Build arm-v7 runner and stencils
+bash tools/build.sh arm-v7
+
+# Build arm-v7-thumb stencils
+bash tools/build.sh arm-v7-thumb
+
+# Build arm-v7-thumb example code
+export CP_TARGET_ARCH=armv7thumb
+python3 tools/make_example.py
+build/runner/coparun-armv7 build/runner/test.copapy build/runner/test.copapy.bin
+
+arm-none-eabi-objdump -D -b binary -marm -M force-thumb --adjust-vma=0x1000000 build/runner/test.copapy.bin > build/runner/test.copapy-example-armv7thumb.asm
+
+# Build arm-v7-thumb example code
+export CP_TARGET_ARCH=armv7
+python3 tools/make_example.py
+build/runner/coparun-armv7 build/runner/test.copapy build/runner/test.copapy.bin
+
+arm-none-eabi-objdump -D -b binary -marm --adjust-vma=0x1000000 build/runner/test.copapy.bin > build/runner/test.copapy-example-armv7.asm
--- a/tools/test_thumb_stancils.sh
+++ b/tools/test_thumb_stancils.sh
@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+bash tools/build.sh arm-v7-thumb
+python tests/test_ops_armv7thumb.py
+qemu-arm -d in_asm -D qemu.log build/runner/coparun-armv7thumb build/runner/test-armv7thumb.copapy build/runner/test.copapy-armv7thumb.bin
+arm-none-eabi-objdump -D -b binary -marm -M force-thumb --adjust-vma=0xff7ed000 build/runner/test.copapy-armv7thumb.bin > build/runner/test.copapy-armv7thumb.asm