project file updated

README.md

@@ -18,17 +18,17 @@ composition and element sizes on fixed size pages without manual intervention
 is a hard problem that LaTeX is very capable of.
 
 ## Example outputs
-The following documents are generated by [tests/test_rendering_example_doc.py](tests/test_rendering_example_doc.py):
+The following documents are generated by [tests/test_rendering_example1_doc.py](tests/test_rendering_example1_doc.py):
 
-- HTML: [test_html_render.html](https://html-preview.github.io/?url=https://github.com/Nonannet/pyladoc/blob/main/tests/out/test_html_render.html)
+- HTML: [test_html_render1.html](https://html-preview.github.io/?url=https://github.com/Nonannet/pyladoc/blob/main/tests/out/test_html_render1.html)
-- PDF: [test_latex_render.pdf](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Nonannet/pyladoc/refs/heads/main/tests/out/test_LaTeX_render.pdf)
+- PDF: [test_latex_render1.pdf](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Nonannet/pyladoc/refs/heads/main/tests/out/test_latex_render1.pdf)
 
-### Sported primitives
+### Supported primitives
 - Text (can be Markdown or HTML formatted)
 - Headings
 - Tables (Pandas, Markdown or HTML)
 - Matplotlib figures
-- LaTeX equations
+- LaTeX equations (Block or inline)
 - Named references for figures, tables and equation
 
 ### Key Features
@@ -53,12 +53,21 @@ It is easy to use as the following example code shows:
 
 ```python
 import pyladoc
+import pandas as pd
 
 doc = pyladoc.DocumentWriter()
 
 doc.add_markdown("""
     # Example
-    This is an example. The @table:pandas_example shows some random data.
+    This is inline LaTeX: $$\\lambda$$
+
+    This is a LaTeX block with a number:
+    $$
+    \\label{eq:test1}
+    \\lambda_{\text{mix}} = \\sum_{i=1}^{n} \\frac{x_i \\lambda_i}{\\sum_{j=1}^{n} x_j \\Phi_{ij}}
+    $$
+
+    This is an example table. The table @table:pandas_example shows some random data.
     """)
 
 some_data = {
@@ -67,9 +76,10 @@ some_data = {
     'Row3': ['12 g/km', '> 150 g/km', '110 g/km']
 }
 df = pd.DataFrame(some_data)
-dw.add_table(df, 'This is a pandas example table', 'pandas_example')
+doc.add_table(df, 'This is a pandas example table', 'pandas_example')
 
 html_code = doc.to_html()
+print(html_code)
 
 doc.to_pdf('test.pdf')
 ```

pyproject.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [project]
 name = "pyladoc"
-version = "1.0.0"
+version = "1.1.0"
 authors = [
   { name="Nicolas Kruse", email="nicolas.kruse@nonan.net" },
 ]
@@ -13,8 +13,7 @@ classifiers = [
     "Operating System :: OS Independent",
 ]
 dependencies = [
-    "markdown>=3.3.0",
+    "markdown>=3.3.0"
-    "beautifulsoup4>=4.9.1"
 ]
 
 [project.optional-dependencies]
@@ -41,7 +40,6 @@ where = ["src"]
 [tool.setuptools.package-data]
 pyladoc = ["templates/*"]
 
-
 [tool.mypy]
 files = ["src"]
 strict = true

src/pyladoc/__init__.py

@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@ import re
 import io
 from . import latex
 import pkgutil
-
+from html.parser import HTMLParser
+from io import StringIO
 
 HTML_OUTPUT = 0
 LATEX_OUTPUT = 1
@@ -53,23 +54,8 @@ def _get_pkgutil_string(path: str) -> str:
 
 def _markdown_to_html(text: str) -> str:
     prep_text = re.sub(r'\u00A0', ' ', text)  # non-breaking space
-    html = markdown.markdown(prep_text, extensions=['tables', 'fenced_code', 'def_list', 'abbr', 'sane_lists'])
+    html_text = markdown.markdown(prep_text, extensions=['tables', 'fenced_code', 'def_list', 'abbr', 'sane_lists'])
-    return html.replace('<hr />', '<hr>')
+    return html_text
-
-
-def escape_html(text: str) -> str:
-    """
-    Escapes special HTML characters in a given string.
-
-    Args:
-        text: The text to escape
-
-    Returns:
-        Escaped text save for inserting into HTML code
-    """
-    ret = re.sub(r'\u00A0', '&nbsp;', text)  # non-breaking space
-    ret = html.escape(ret)
-    return ' '.join(ret.strip().splitlines())
 
 
 def _clean_svg(svg_text: str) -> str:
@@ -140,6 +126,21 @@ def _save_figure(fig: Figure, buff: io.BytesIO, figure_format: FFormat, font_fam
     fig.set_size_inches(old_size, None, False)
 
 
+def escape_html(text: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Escapes special HTML characters in a given string.
+
+    Args:
+        text: The text to escape
+
+    Returns:
+        Escaped text save for inserting into HTML code
+    """
+    ret = re.sub(r'\u00A0', '&nbsp;', text)  # non-breaking space
+    ret = html.escape(ret)
+    return ' '.join(ret.strip().splitlines())
+
+
 def figure_to_string(fig: Figure,
                      figure_format: FFormat = 'svg',
                      font_family: str | None = None,
@@ -186,7 +187,7 @@ def figure_to_string(fig: Figure,
 
 
 def latex_to_figure(latex_code: str) -> Figure:
-    assert Figure, 'Matplotlib is required for rendering LaTex expressions for HTML output.'  # type:ignore[truthy-function]
+    assert Figure, 'Matplotlib is required for rendering LaTeX expressions for HTML output.'  # type:ignore[truthy-function]
     fig, ax = plt.subplots()
     ax.set_xticks([])
     ax.set_yticks([])
@@ -284,6 +285,9 @@ class DocumentWriter():
     A class to create a document for exporting to HTML or LaTeX.
     """
     def __init__(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Initializes the DocumentWriter instance.
+        """
         self._doc: list[list[Callable[[], str]]] = []
         self._fields: dict[str, DocumentWriter] = dict()
         self._base64_svgs: bool = False
@@ -302,6 +306,105 @@ class DocumentWriter():
         self._item_count[ref_type] = current_index
         return caption_prefix.format(current_index)
 
+    def _equation_embedding_reescaping(self, text: str) -> str:
+        """
+        Convert $$-escaping of LaTeX blocks and inline expressions
+        to a HTML-style format: <latex>...</latex>.
+        """
+        block_pattern = re.compile(
+            r'(^|\n)\s*\$\$\s*\n'         # start delimiter on a line on its own
+            r'(?P<content>.*?)'           # capture block content non-greedily
+            r'\n\s*\$\$\s*(\n|$)',        # end delimiter on a line on its own
+            re.DOTALL | re.MULTILINE
+        )
+
+        def block_repl(match: re.Match[str]) -> str:
+            content = match.group("content").strip()
+            latex_label: str = ''
+
+            label_pattern = re.compile(r'^\\label\{([^}]+)\}\s*\n?')
+            label_match = label_pattern.match(content)
+            if label_match:
+                latex_label = label_match.group(1)
+                # Remove the label command from the content.
+                content = content[label_match.end():].lstrip()
+
+            if latex_label and ':' in latex_label:
+                parts = latex_label.split(':')
+                ref_type = parts[0]
+                ref_id = parts[1]
+                caption = self._add_item(ref_id, ref_type, '({})')
+                return (f'\n<latex type="block" ref_type="{ref_type}"'
+                        f' ref_id="{ref_id}" caption="{caption}">{content}</latex>\n')
+            else:
+                return f'\n<latex type="block">{content}</latex>\n'
+
+        result = block_pattern.sub(block_repl, text)
+
+        inline_pattern = re.compile(r'\$\$(.+?)\$\$')
+
+        def inline_repl(match: re.Match[str]) -> str:
+            content = match.group(1)
+            return f'<latex>{content}</latex>'
+
+        return inline_pattern.sub(inline_repl, result)
+
+    def _get_equation_html(self, latex_equation: str, caption: str, block: bool = False) -> str:
+        fig = latex_to_figure(latex_equation)
+        if block:
+            ret = ('<div class="equation-container">'
+                   '<div class="equation">%s</div>'
+                   '<div class="equation-number">%s</div></div>') % (
+                        figure_to_string(fig, self._figure_format, base64=self._base64_svgs),
+                        caption)
+        else:
+            ret = '<span class="inline-equation">' + figure_to_string(fig, self._figure_format, base64=self._base64_svgs) + '</span>'
+
+        plt.close(fig)
+        return ret
+
+    def _html_post_processing(self, html_code: str) -> str:
+        """
+        """
+        class HTMLPostProcessor(HTMLParser):
+            def __init__(self, document_writer: 'DocumentWriter') -> None:
+                super().__init__()
+                self.modified_html = StringIO()
+                self.in_latex: bool = False
+                self.eq_caption: str = ''
+                self.block: bool = False
+                self.dw = document_writer
+
+            def handle_starttag(self, tag: str, attrs: list[tuple[str, str | None]]) -> None:
+                if tag == 'hr':
+                    self.modified_html.write(f"<{tag}>")
+                elif tag == 'latex':
+                    self.in_latex = True
+                    attr_dict = {k: v if v else '' for k, v in attrs}
+                    self.eq_caption = attr_dict.get('caption', '')
+                    self.block = attr_dict.get('type') == 'block'
+                elif not self.in_latex:
+                    tag_text = self.get_starttag_text()
+                    if tag_text:
+                        self.modified_html.write(tag_text)
+
+            def handle_data(self, data: str) -> None:
+                if self.in_latex:
+                    self.modified_html.write(
+                        self.dw._get_equation_html(data, self.eq_caption, self.block))
+                else:
+                    self.modified_html.write(data)
+
+            def handle_endtag(self, tag: str) -> None:
+                if tag == 'latex':
+                    self.in_latex = False
+                else:
+                    self.modified_html.write(f"</{tag}>")
+
+        parser = HTMLPostProcessor(self)
+        parser.feed(html_code)
+        return parser.modified_html.getvalue()
+
     def new_field(self, name: str) -> 'DocumentWriter':
         new_dwr = _create_document_writer()
         self._fields[name] = new_dwr
@@ -313,14 +416,28 @@ class DocumentWriter():
     def add_diagram(self, fig: Figure, caption: str = '', ref_id: str = '',
                     prefix_pattern: str = 'Figure {}: ', ref_type: str = 'fig',
                     centered: bool = True) -> None:
-        caption_prefix = self._add_item(ref_id, ref_type, prefix_pattern)
+        """
+        Adds a diagram to the document.
 
+        Args:
+            fig: The figure to add (matplotlib figure)
+            caption: The caption for the figure
+            ref_id: If provided, the figure can be referenced by this string
+            prefix_pattern: A custom string for the caption prefix, {} will
+                be replaced by the figure number
+            ref_type: The type of reference. Each type (e.g., 'fig', 'table')
+                has an individual numbering
+            centered: Whether to center the figure in LaTeX output
+        """
+        
         def render_to_html() -> str:
+            caption_prefix = self._add_item(ref_id, ref_type, prefix_pattern)
             return '<div class="figure">%s%s</div>' % (
                 figure_to_string(fig, self._figure_format, base64=self._base64_svgs, scale=self._fig_scale),
                 '<br>' + caption_prefix + escape_html(caption) if caption else '')
 
         def render_to_latex() -> str:
+            self._add_item(ref_id, ref_type, prefix_pattern)
             return '\\begin{figure}%s\n%s\n\\caption{%s}\n%s\\end{figure}' % (
                 '\n\\centering' if centered else '',
                 figure_to_string(fig, 'pgf', self._font_family, scale=self._fig_scale),
@@ -331,26 +448,41 @@ class DocumentWriter():
 
     def add_table(self, table: Table, caption: str = '', ref_id: str = '',
                   prefix_pattern: str = 'Table {}: ', ref_type: str = 'table', centered: bool = True) -> None:
+        """
+        Adds a table to the document.
+
+        Args:
+            table: The table to add (pandas DataFrame or Styler)
+            caption: The caption for the table
+            ref_id: If provided, the table can be referenced by this string
+            prefix_pattern: A custom string for the caption prefix, {} will
+                be replaced by the table number
+            ref_type: The type of reference. Each type (e.g., 'fig', 'table')
+                has an individual numbering
+            centered: Whether to center the table in LaTeX output
+        """
         assert Table and isinstance(table, Table), 'Table has to be a pandas DataFrame oder DataFrame Styler'
-        caption_prefix = self._add_item(ref_id, ref_type, prefix_pattern)
         styler = table if isinstance(table, Styler) else getattr(table, 'style', None)
         assert isinstance(styler, Styler), 'Jinja2 package is required for rendering tables'
 
         def render_to_html() -> str:
+            caption_prefix = self._add_item(ref_id, ref_type, prefix_pattern)
             html_string = styler.to_html(table_uuid=ref_id, caption=caption_prefix + escape_html(caption))
             return re.sub(r'<style.*?>.*?</style>', '', html_string, flags=re.DOTALL)
 
         def render_to_latex() -> str:
+            self._add_item(ref_id, ref_type, prefix_pattern)
+            ref_label = latex.normalize_label_text(ref_type + ':' + ref_id)
             if self._table_renderer == 'pandas':
                 return styler.to_latex(
-                    label=latex.normalize_label_text(ref_type + ':' + ref_id),
+                    label=ref_label,
                     hrules=True,
                     convert_css=True,
                     siunitx=True,
                     caption=latex.escape_text(caption),
                     position_float='centering' if centered else None)
             else:
-                return latex.render_pandas_styler_table(styler, caption, ref_type + ':' + ref_id, centered)
+                return latex.render_pandas_styler_table(styler, caption, ref_label, centered)
 
         self._doc.append([render_to_html, render_to_latex])
 
@@ -447,21 +579,14 @@ class DocumentWriter():
             ref_id: If provided, the equation is displayed with
                 a number and can be referenced by the ref_id
         """
-        caption = self._add_item(ref_id, ref_type, '({})')
 
         def render_to_html() -> str:
-            fig = latex_to_figure(latex_equation)
+            caption = self._add_item(ref_id, ref_type, '({})')
-            return ('<div class="equation-container"><div class="equation">%s</div>'
+            return self._get_equation_html(latex_equation, caption)
-                   '<div class="equation-number">%s</div></div>') % (
-                    figure_to_string(fig, self._figure_format, base64=self._base64_svgs),
-                    caption)
 
         def render_to_latex() -> str:
-            if ref_id:
+            self._add_item(ref_id, ref_type, '')
-                return '\\begin{equation}\\label{%s:%s}%s\\end{equation}' % (
+            return latex.get_equation_code(latex_equation, ref_type, ref_id)
-                    ref_type, ref_id, latex_equation)
-            else:
-                return '\\[%s\\]' % latex_equation
 
         self._doc.append([render_to_html, render_to_latex])
 
@@ -476,14 +601,16 @@ class DocumentWriter():
         norm_text = _normalize_text_indent(str(text))
 
         def render_to_html() -> str:
-            html = _markdown_to_html(norm_text)
+            html = self._html_post_processing(_markdown_to_html(self._equation_embedding_reescaping(norm_text)))
             if section_class:
                 return '<div class="' + section_class + '">' + html + '</div>'
             else:
                 return html
 
         def render_to_latex() -> str:
-            return latex.from_html(render_to_html())
+            html = _markdown_to_html(
+                self._equation_embedding_reescaping(norm_text))
+            return latex.from_html(html)
 
         self._doc.append([render_to_html, render_to_latex])
 
@@ -545,7 +672,7 @@ class DocumentWriter():
                 If no path is provided a default template is used.
 
         Returns:
-            True if the PDF was successfully created
+            True if the PDF file was successfully created
         """
         latex_code = inject_to_template(self.to_latex(font_family, table_renderer),
                                         latex_template_path,

src/pyladoc/latex.py

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-import bs4
 from html.parser import HTMLParser
-from typing import Iterator, Generator, Any
+from typing import Generator, Any
 from pandas.io.formats.style import Styler
 import re
 import os
@@ -16,8 +15,8 @@ def basic_formatter(value: Any) -> str:
 
 def to_ascii(text: str) -> str:
     """
-    Replaces/escapes often used unicode characters in latex code or text
+    Replaces/escapes often used unicode characters in LaTeX code or text
-    with its LaTex ascii equivalents.
+    with its LaTeX ascii equivalents.
 
     Args:
         text: The text to convert.
@@ -83,6 +82,25 @@ def escape_text(text: str) -> str:
     return ''.join(ret)
 
 
+def get_equation_code(equation: str, ref_id: str, ref_type: str, block: bool = False) -> str:
+    """
+    Converts an equation string to LaTeX code.
+
+    Args:
+        equation: The LaTeX equation string.
+        ref_id: The reference ID for the equation.
+        ref_type: The type of reference (e.g., 'eq', 'fig', etc.).
+    """
+    if block:
+        if ref_id:
+            return '\\begin{equation}\\label{%s:%s}%s\\end{equation}' % (
+                normalize_label_text(ref_type), normalize_label_text(ref_id), equation)
+        else:
+            return '\\[%s\\]' % equation
+    else:
+        return '\\(%s\\)' % equation
+
+
 def render_pandas_styler_table(df_style: Styler, caption: str = '', label: str = '', centering: bool = True) -> str:
     """
     Converts a pandas Styler object to LaTeX table.
@@ -132,63 +150,6 @@ def render_pandas_styler_table(df_style: Styler, caption: str = '', label: str =
     return ''.join(str_list)
 
 
-def from_html_old(html_code: str) -> str:
-    """
-    Converts HTML code to LaTeX code.
-
-    Args:
-        html_code: The HTML code to convert.
-
-    Returns:
-        The LaTeX code.
-    """
-    root = bs4.BeautifulSoup(html_code, 'html.parser')
-
-    html_to_latex = {
-        'strong': ('\\textbf{', '}'),
-        'b': ('\\textbf{', '}'),
-        'em': ('\\emph{', '}'),
-        'i': ('\\emph{', '}'),
-        'p': ('', '\n\n'),
-        'h1': ('\\section{', '}'),
-        'h2': ('\\subsection{', '}'),
-        'h3': ('\\subsubsection{', '}'),
-        'ul': ('\\begin{itemize}', '\\end{itemize}'),
-        'ol': ('\\begin{enumerate}', '\\end{enumerate}'),
-        'li': ('\\item ', ''),
-        'latex_eq': ('\\[', '\\]'),
-    }
-
-    def handle_table(table: bs4.element.Tag) -> str:
-        rows = table.find_all('tr')
-        latex_table: str = ''
-        for row in rows:
-            assert isinstance(row, bs4.element.Tag), 'HTML table not valid'
-            cells = row.find_all(['th', 'td'])
-            if not latex_table:
-                latex_table = "\\begin{tabular}{|" + "|".join(['l'] * len(cells)) + "|}\\toprule\n"
-            else:
-                latex_table += " & ".join(escape_text(cell.get_text(strip=True)) for cell in cells) + " \\\\\n"
-        latex_table += "\\bottomrule\n\\end{tabular}"
-        return latex_table
-
-    def parse_node(element: bs4.element.Tag) -> Iterator[str]:
-        prefix, post = html_to_latex.get(element.name, ('', ''))
-        yield prefix
-
-        for c in element.children:
-            if isinstance(c, bs4.element.Tag):
-                if c.name == 'table':
-                    yield handle_table(c)
-                else:
-                    yield from parse_node(c)
-            else:
-                yield escape_text(c.text)
-        yield post
-
-    return ''.join(parse_node(root))
-
-
 def from_html(html_code: str) -> str:
     """
     Converts HTML code to LaTeX code using HTMLParser.
@@ -221,8 +182,11 @@ def from_html(html_code: str) -> str:
             self.column_alignment = ''
             self.midrule_flag = False
             self.header_flag = False
+            self.attr_dict: dict[str, str] = {}
+            self.equation_flag = False
 
         def handle_starttag(self, tag: str, attrs: list[tuple[str, str | None]]) -> None:
+            self.attr_dict = {k: v if v else '' for k, v in attrs}
             if tag in html_to_latex:
                 prefix, _ = html_to_latex[tag]
                 self.latex_code.append(prefix)
@@ -234,15 +198,18 @@ def from_html(html_code: str) -> str:
             elif tag == 'tr':
                 self.column_alignment = ''
             elif tag in ['th', 'td']:
-                style = [v for k, v in attrs if k == 'style']
+                if 'right' in self.attr_dict.get('style', ''):
-                if style and style[0] and 'right' in style[0]:
                     self.column_alignment += 'r'
                 else:
                     self.column_alignment += 'l'
             elif tag == 'a':
-                href = [v for k, v in attrs if k == 'href']
+                href = self.attr_dict.get('href')
                 assert href, 'Link href attribute is missing'
-                self.latex_code.append(f"\\href{{{href[0]}}}{{")
+                self.latex_code.append(f"\\href{{{href}}}{{")
+            elif tag == 'hr':
+                self.latex_code.append("\n\n\\noindent\\rule[0.5ex]{\\linewidth}{1pt}\n\n")
+            elif tag == 'latex':
+                self.equation_flag = True
 
         def handle_endtag(self, tag: str) -> None:
             if tag in html_to_latex:
@@ -266,9 +233,16 @@ def from_html(html_code: str) -> str:
                 self.latex_code.append(" & ")
             elif tag == 'a':
                 self.latex_code.append("}")
+            elif tag == 'latex':
+                self.equation_flag = False
 
         def handle_data(self, data: str) -> None:
-            if data.strip():
+            if self.equation_flag:
+                block = self.attr_dict.get('type') == 'block'
+                ref_id = self.attr_dict.get('ref_id', '')
+                ref_type = self.attr_dict.get('ref_type', 'eq')
+                self.latex_code.append(get_equation_code(data, ref_id, ref_type, block))
+            elif data.strip():
                 self.latex_code.append(escape_text(data))
 
     parser = LaTeXHTMLParser()

src/pyladoc/templates/test_template.html

@@ -43,13 +43,17 @@
         text-align: center;
     }
 
-    div svg {
+    .equation svg {
         margin-left: -5%;
         max-width: 110%;
         height: auto;
         object-fit: contain;
     }
 
+    .inline-equation svg {
+        vertical-align: middle;
+    }
+
     .equation-container {
             display: flex;
             justify-content: space-between;

tests/out/test_html_render1.tex

@@ -0,0 +1,613 @@
+\section{Thermal Conductivity of Mixtures}
+The determination of the thermal conductivity of gas mixtures is a central aspect of modeling
+transport phenomena, particularly in high-temperature and high-pressure processes. Among the
+most established approaches is the empirical equation introduced by Wassiljewa, which was
+subsequently refined by Mason and Saxena to improve its applicability to multicomponent systems.
+This model offers a reliable means of estimating the thermal conductivity of gas mixtures based
+on the properties of the pure components and their molar interactions.
+
+The thermal conductivity of a gas mixture, denoted by \(\lambda_{\text{mix}}\), can expressed as
+shown in equation \ref{eq:lambda-mixture}.
+\begin{equation}\label{eq:lambda-mixture}\lambda_{   ext{mix}} = \sum_{i=1}^{n} \frac{x_i \lambda_i}{\sum_{j=1}^{n} x_j \Phi_{ij}}\end{equation}
+In this equation, \(x_i\) represents the molar fraction of component \(i\) within the mixture,
+while \(\lambda_i\) denotes the thermal conductivity of the pure substance \(i\). The denominator
+contains the interaction parameter \(\Phi_{ij}\), which describes the influence of component
+\(j\) on the transport properties of component \(i\).
+
+The interaction parameter \(\Phi_{ij}\) is given by the relation shown in equation \ref{eq:interaction-parameter}.
+\begin{equation}\label{eq:interaction-parameter}\Phi_{ij} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{8}} \left(1 + \frac{M_i}{M_j} \right)^{-1/2} \left[ 1 + \left( \frac{\lambda_i}{\lambda_j} \right)^{1/2} \left( \frac{M_j}{M_i} \right)^{1/4} \right]^2\end{equation}
+Here, \(M_i\) and \(M_j\) are the molar masses of the components \(i\) and \(j\), respectively.
+Molar masses and thermal conductivity of the pure substances are listed in table \ref{table:gas-probs}.
+The structure of this expression illustrates the nonlinear dependence of the interaction term on
+both the molar mass ratio and the square root of the conductivity ratio of the involved species.
+
+\begin{table}
+\centering
+\caption{Properties of some gases}
+\label{table:gas-probs}
+\begin{tabular}{lSS}
+\toprule
+\text{Gas} & \text{Molar mass in g/mol} & \text{Thermal conductivity in W/m/K} \\
+\midrule
+H2 & 2.016 & 0.1805 \\
+O2 & 32.00 & 0.0263 \\
+N2 & 28.02 & 0.0258 \\
+CO2 & 44.01 & 0.0166 \\
+CH4 & 16.04 & 0.0341 \\
+Ar & 39.95 & 0.0177 \\
+He & 4.0026 & 0.1513 \\
+\bottomrule
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}This formulation acknowledges that the transport properties of a gas mixture are not a simple
+linear combination of the individual conductivities. Rather, they are governed by intermolecular
+interactions, which affect the energy exchange and diffusion behavior of each component. These
+interactions are particularly significant at elevated pressures or in cases where the gas components
+exhibit widely differing molecular masses or transport properties.
+
+The equation proposed by Wassiljewa and refined by Mason and Saxena assumes that binary interactions
+dominate the behavior of the mixture, while higher-order (three-body or more) interactions are
+neglected. It also presumes that the gases approximate ideal behavior, although in practical
+applications, moderate deviations from ideality are tolerated without significant loss of accuracy.
+In figure \ref{fig:mixture} the resulting thermal conductivity of an H2/CO2-mixture is shown.
+
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+\pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{5.534545in}{4.056000in}}%
+\pgfusepath{stroke}%
+\end{pgfscope}%
+\begin{pgfscope}%
+\pgfsetrectcap%
+\pgfsetmiterjoin%
+\pgfsetlinewidth{0.803000pt}%
+\definecolor{currentstroke}{rgb}{0.000000,0.000000,0.000000}%
+\pgfsetstrokecolor{currentstroke}%
+\pgfsetdash{}{0pt}%
+\pgfpathmoveto{\pgfqpoint{0.800000in}{0.528000in}}%
+\pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{0.800000in}{4.224000in}}%
+\pgfusepath{stroke}%
+\end{pgfscope}%
+\begin{pgfscope}%
+\pgfsetrectcap%
+\pgfsetmiterjoin%
+\pgfsetlinewidth{0.803000pt}%
+\definecolor{currentstroke}{rgb}{0.000000,0.000000,0.000000}%
+\pgfsetstrokecolor{currentstroke}%
+\pgfsetdash{}{0pt}%
+\pgfpathmoveto{\pgfqpoint{5.760000in}{0.528000in}}%
+\pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{5.760000in}{4.224000in}}%
+\pgfusepath{stroke}%
+\end{pgfscope}%
+\begin{pgfscope}%
+\pgfsetrectcap%
+\pgfsetmiterjoin%
+\pgfsetlinewidth{0.803000pt}%
+\definecolor{currentstroke}{rgb}{0.000000,0.000000,0.000000}%
+\pgfsetstrokecolor{currentstroke}%
+\pgfsetdash{}{0pt}%
+\pgfpathmoveto{\pgfqpoint{0.800000in}{0.528000in}}%
+\pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{5.760000in}{0.528000in}}%
+\pgfusepath{stroke}%
+\end{pgfscope}%
+\begin{pgfscope}%
+\pgfsetrectcap%
+\pgfsetmiterjoin%
+\pgfsetlinewidth{0.803000pt}%
+\definecolor{currentstroke}{rgb}{0.000000,0.000000,0.000000}%
+\pgfsetstrokecolor{currentstroke}%
+\pgfsetdash{}{0pt}%
+\pgfpathmoveto{\pgfqpoint{0.800000in}{4.224000in}}%
+\pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{5.760000in}{4.224000in}}%
+\pgfusepath{stroke}%
+\end{pgfscope}%
+\end{pgfpicture}%
+\makeatother%
+\endgroup%
+
+\caption{Thermal Conductivity of H2/CO2 mixtures}
+\label{fig:mixture}
+\end{figure}In engineering practice, the accurate determination of \(\lambda_{\text{mix}}\) is essential
+for the prediction of heat transfer in systems such as membrane modules, chemical reactors, and
+combustion chambers. In the context of membrane-based gas separation, for instance, the thermal
+conductivity of the gas mixture influences the local temperature distribution, which in turn affects
+both the permeation behavior and the structural stability of the membrane.
+
+It is important to note that the calculated mixture conductivity reflects only the gas phase
+behavior. In porous systems such as carbon membranes, additional effects must be considered.
+These include the solid-phase thermal conduction through the membrane matrix, radiative transport
+in pore channels at high temperatures, and transport in the Knudsen regime for narrow pores.
+To account for these complexities, models based on effective medium theory, such as those of
+Maxwell-Eucken or Bruggeman, are frequently employed. These models combine the conductivities of
+individual phases (gas and solid) with geometrical factors that reflect the morphology of the
+porous structure.
+
+
+
+\noindent\rule[0.5ex]{\linewidth}{1pt}
+
+Expanded by more or less sensible AI jabbering; based on: \href{https://doi.org/10.14279/depositonce-7390}{doi:10.14279/depositonce-7390}
+

tests/out/test_html_render2.html

@@ -43,13 +43,17 @@
         text-align: center;
     }
 
-    div svg {
+    .equation svg {
         margin-left: -5%;
         max-width: 110%;
         height: auto;
         object-fit: contain;
     }
 
+    .inline-equation svg {
+        vertical-align: middle;
+    }
+
     .equation-container {
             display: flex;
             justify-content: space-between;
@@ -192,9 +196,9 @@
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table>
-<hr>
+<hr></hr>
 <h1>Equations</h1>
-<p>This line represents a reference to the equation 1.</p><div class="equation-container"><div class="equation"><svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="102.120397pt" height="34.4322pt" viewBox="0 0 102.120397 34.4322" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1">
+<p>This line represents a reference to the equation 1.</p><span class="inline-equation"><svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="102.120397pt" height="34.4322pt" viewBox="0 0 102.120397 34.4322" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1">
  
  <defs>
   <style type="text/css">*{stroke-linejoin: round; stroke-linecap: butt}</style>
@@ -470,7 +474,7 @@ z
   </g>
  </g>
 </svg>
-</div><div class="equation-number">(1)</div></div><div class="figure"><svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="460.8pt" height="345.6pt" viewBox="0 0 460.8 345.6" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1">
+</span><div class="figure"><svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="460.8pt" height="345.6pt" viewBox="0 0 460.8 345.6" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1">
  
  <defs>
   <style type="text/css">*{stroke-linejoin: round; stroke-linecap: butt}</style>
@@ -499,7 +503,7 @@ L 142.181053 307.584
 L 142.181053 206.208 
 L 73.832727 206.208 
 z
-" clip-path="url(#p69260dc8d6)" style="fill: #d62728"/>
+" clip-path="url(#p8886bfdb0f)" style="fill: #d62728"/>
    </g>
    <g id="patch_4">
     <path d="M 159.268134 307.584 
@@ -507,7 +511,7 @@ L 227.616459 307.584
 L 227.616459 54.144 
 L 159.268134 54.144 
 z
-" clip-path="url(#p69260dc8d6)" style="fill: #1f77b4"/>
+" clip-path="url(#p8886bfdb0f)" style="fill: #1f77b4"/>
    </g>
    <g id="patch_5">
     <path d="M 244.703541 307.584 
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 L 313.051866 231.552 
 L 244.703541 231.552 
 z
-" clip-path="url(#p69260dc8d6)" style="fill: #d62728"/>
+" clip-path="url(#p8886bfdb0f)" style="fill: #d62728"/>
    </g>
    <g id="patch_6">
     <path d="M 330.138947 307.584 
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 L 398.487273 168.192 
 L 330.138947 168.192 
 z
-" clip-path="url(#p69260dc8d6)" style="fill: #ff7f0e"/>
+" clip-path="url(#p8886bfdb0f)" style="fill: #ff7f0e"/>
    </g>
    <g id="matplotlib.axis_1">
     <g id="xtick_1">
      <g id="line2d_1">
       <defs>
-       <path id="m0a989fc6c9" d="M 0 0 
+       <path id="m5bc4660a75" d="M 0 0 
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 " style="stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 0.8"/>
       </defs>
       <g>
-       <use xlink:href="#m0a989fc6c9" x="108.00689" y="307.584" style="stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 0.8"/>
+       <use xlink:href="#m5bc4660a75" x="108.00689" y="307.584" style="stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 0.8"/>
       </g>
      </g>
      <g id="text_1">
@@ -644,7 +648,7 @@ z
     <g id="xtick_2">
      <g id="line2d_2">
       <g>
-       <use xlink:href="#m0a989fc6c9" x="193.442297" y="307.584" style="stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 0.8"/>
+       <use xlink:href="#m5bc4660a75" x="193.442297" y="307.584" style="stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 0.8"/>
       </g>
      </g>
      <g id="text_2">
@@ -749,7 +753,7 @@ z
     <g id="xtick_3">
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       <g>
-       <use xlink:href="#m0a989fc6c9" x="278.877703" y="307.584" style="stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 0.8"/>
+       <use xlink:href="#m5bc4660a75" x="278.877703" y="307.584" style="stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 0.8"/>
       </g>
      </g>
      <g id="text_3">
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     <g id="xtick_4">
      <g id="line2d_4">
       <g>
-       <use xlink:href="#m0a989fc6c9" x="364.31311" y="307.584" style="stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 0.8"/>
+       <use xlink:href="#m5bc4660a75" x="364.31311" y="307.584" style="stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 0.8"/>
       </g>
      </g>
      <g id="text_4">
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     <g id="ytick_1">
      <g id="line2d_5">
       <defs>
-       <path id="m9bab964a69" d="M 0 0 
+       <path id="mb5327dd54d" d="M 0 0 
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 " style="stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 0.8"/>
       </defs>
       <g>
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+       <use xlink:href="#mb5327dd54d" x="57.6" y="307.584" style="stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 0.8"/>
       </g>
      </g>
      <g id="text_5">
@@ -946,7 +950,7 @@ z
     <g id="ytick_2">
      <g id="line2d_6">
       <g>
-       <use xlink:href="#m9bab964a69" x="57.6" y="256.896" style="stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 0.8"/>
+       <use xlink:href="#mb5327dd54d" x="57.6" y="256.896" style="stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 0.8"/>
       </g>
      </g>
      <g id="text_6">
@@ -986,7 +990,7 @@ z
     <g id="ytick_3">
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       <g>
-       <use xlink:href="#m9bab964a69" x="57.6" y="206.208" style="stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 0.8"/>
+       <use xlink:href="#mb5327dd54d" x="57.6" y="206.208" style="stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 0.8"/>
       </g>
      </g>
      <g id="text_7">
@@ -1021,7 +1025,7 @@ z
     <g id="ytick_4">
      <g id="line2d_8">
       <g>
-       <use xlink:href="#m9bab964a69" x="57.6" y="155.52" style="stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 0.8"/>
+       <use xlink:href="#mb5327dd54d" x="57.6" y="155.52" style="stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 0.8"/>
       </g>
      </g>
      <g id="text_8">
@@ -1067,7 +1071,7 @@ z
     <g id="ytick_5">
      <g id="line2d_9">
       <g>
-       <use xlink:href="#m9bab964a69" x="57.6" y="104.832" style="stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 0.8"/>
+       <use xlink:href="#mb5327dd54d" x="57.6" y="104.832" style="stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 0.8"/>
       </g>
      </g>
      <g id="text_9">
@@ -1122,7 +1126,7 @@ z
     <g id="ytick_6">
      <g id="line2d_10">
       <g>
-       <use xlink:href="#m9bab964a69" x="57.6" y="54.144" style="stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 0.8"/>
+       <use xlink:href="#mb5327dd54d" x="57.6" y="54.144" style="stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 0.8"/>
       </g>
      </g>
      <g id="text_10">
@@ -1453,7 +1457,7 @@ z
   </g>
  </g>
  <defs>
-  <clipPath id="p69260dc8d6">
+  <clipPath id="p8886bfdb0f">
    <rect x="57.6" y="41.472" width="357.12" height="266.112"/>
   </clipPath>
  </defs>

tests/out/test_markdown_characters.html

@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 <p>Umlaute: ÖÄÜ öäü</p>
 <p>Other: ß, €, @, $, %, ~, µ</p>
 <p>Units: m³, cm²</p>
-<p>Controll characters: &lt;, &gt;, ", ', &amp;, |, /, \</p>
+<p>Controll characters: <, >, ", ', &, |, /, \</p>

tests/out/test_markdown_style.html

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 unconditional branch instruction—often simply called the
 “B” instruction—and how its 26‐bit immediate field (imm26)
 is laid out and later relocated during linking.</p>
-<hr>
+<hr></hr>
 <h2>Instruction Layout</h2>
 <p>The unconditional branch in AArch64 is encoded in a 32‑bit
 instruction. Its layout is as follows:</p>
@@ -40,5 +40,5 @@ the full register width (typically 64 bits).</li>
 </li>
 <li>With a 26‑bit signed field that’s effectively 28 bits
   after the shift, the branch can cover a range
-  of approximately ±128&nbsp;MB from the current instruction.</li>
+  of approximately ±128 MB from the current instruction.</li>
 </ul>

tests/test_latex_embedding.py

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+import pyladoc
+
+
+def test_latex_embedding2():
+    test_input = pyladoc._normalize_text_indent("""
+    In this equation, $$x_i$$ represents the molar fraction of component $$i$$ within the mixture,
+    while $$\\lambda_i$$ denotes the thermal conductivity of the pure substance $$i$$. The denominator
+    contains the interaction parameter $$\\Phi_{ij}$$, which describes the influence of component
+    $$j$$ on the transport properties of component $$i$$.
+
+    The interaction parameter $$\\Phi_{ij}$$ is given by the relation shown in @eq:ExampleFormula2.
+
+    $$
+    \\label{eq:ExampleFormula2}
+    \\Phi_{ij} = \\frac{1}{\\sqrt{8}} \\left(1 + \\frac{M_i}{M_j} \\right)^{-1/2} \\left[ 1 + \\left( \\frac{\\lambda_i}{\\lambda_j} \\right)^{1/2} \\left( \\frac{M_j}{M_i} \\right)^{1/4} \\right]^2
+    $$
+    """)
+
+    expected_output = pyladoc._normalize_text_indent(r"""
+    In this equation, <latex>x_i</latex> represents the molar fraction of component <latex>i</latex> within the mixture,
+    while <latex>\lambda_i</latex> denotes the thermal conductivity of the pure substance <latex>i</latex>. The denominator
+    contains the interaction parameter <latex>\Phi_{ij}</latex>, which describes the influence of component
+    <latex>j</latex> on the transport properties of component <latex>i</latex>.
+
+    The interaction parameter <latex>\Phi_{ij}</latex> is given by the relation shown in @eq:ExampleFormula2.
+    <latex type="block" ref_type="eq" ref_id="ExampleFormula2" caption="(1)">\Phi_{ij} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{8}} \left(1 + \frac{M_i}{M_j} \right)^{-1/2} \left[ 1 + \left( \frac{\lambda_i}{\lambda_j} \right)^{1/2} \left( \frac{M_j}{M_i} \right)^{1/4} \right]^2</latex>
+    """)
+
+    dummy = pyladoc.DocumentWriter()
+    result_string = dummy._equation_embedding_reescaping(test_input)
+
+    print(result_string)
+    assert result_string == expected_output
+
+
+def test_latex_embedding():
+    test_input = pyladoc._normalize_text_indent(r"""
+    # Test
+    $$
+    \label{eq:ExampleFormula2}
+    \Phi_{ij} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{8}}
+    $$
+    This $$i$$ is inline LaTeX.
+    """)
+
+    expected_output = pyladoc._normalize_text_indent(r"""
+    # Test
+    <latex type="block" ref_type="eq" ref_id="ExampleFormula2" caption="(1)">\Phi_{ij} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{8}}</latex>
+    This <latex>i</latex> is inline LaTeX.
+    """)
+
+    dummy = pyladoc.DocumentWriter()
+    result_string = dummy._equation_embedding_reescaping(test_input)
+
+    print(result_string)
+    assert result_string == expected_output
+
+    final_html = dummy._html_post_processing(pyladoc._markdown_to_html(result_string))
+    print('-- final_html --')
+    print(final_html)
+
+    assert '<h1>' in final_html and '<svg ' in final_html and '<div class="equation-number">' in final_html

tests/test_readme_example.py

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+import pyladoc
+import pandas as pd
+
+def test_readme_example():
+    doc = pyladoc.DocumentWriter()
+
+    doc.add_markdown("""
+        # Example
+        This is inline LaTeX: $$\\lambda$$
+
+        This is a LaTeX block with a number:
+        $$
+        \\label{eq:test1}
+        \\lambda_{\text{mix}} = \\sum_{i=1}^{n} \\frac{x_i \\lambda_i}{\\sum_{j=1}^{n} x_j \\Phi_{ij}}
+        $$
+
+        This is an example table. The table @table:pandas_example shows some random data.
+        """)
+
+    some_data = {
+        'Row1': ["Line1", "Line2", "Line3"],
+        'Row2': [120, 100, 110],
+        'Row3': ['12 g/km', '> 150 g/km', '110 g/km']
+    }
+    df = pd.DataFrame(some_data)
+    doc.add_table(df, 'This is a pandas example table', 'pandas_example')
+
+    html_code = doc.to_html()
+    print(html_code)
+
+    assert '<table' in html_code

tests/test_rendering_example1_doc.py

@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+import pyladoc
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+import pandas as pd
+import document_validation
+import numpy as np
+
+VALIDATE_HTML_CODE_ONLINE = False
+WRITE_RESULT_FILES = True
+
+
+def mason_saxena_k_mixture(x_h2):
+    """
+    Calculate the thermal conductivity of a H2/CO2 gas mixture using the Mason and Saxena mixing rule.
+
+    The mixture thermal conductivity is computed as:
+        k_mix = Σ_i [ X_i * k_i / (Σ_j X_j * φ_ij) ]
+    with:
+        φ_ij = 1/√8 * (1 + M_i/M_j)^(-0.5) * [ 1 + ( (k_i/k_j)**0.5 * (M_j/M_i)**0.25 ) ]^2
+
+    Parameters:
+        x_h2 (float or array-like): Mole fraction of H2 (from 0 to 1). The CO2 mole fraction is 1 - x_h2.
+
+    Returns:
+        float or array-like: Thermal conductivity of the mixture in W/m·K.
+    """
+    # Pure gas properties (at room temperature, approx.)
+    k_h2 = 0.1805   # Thermal conductivity of H2 in W/mK
+    k_co2 = 0.0166  # Thermal conductivity of CO2 in W/mK
+
+    M_h2 = 2.016    # Molar mass of H2 in g/mol
+    M_co2 = 44.01   # Molar mass of CO2 in g/mol
+
+    # Define the phi_ij function according to Mason and Saxena.
+    def phi(k_i, k_j, M_i, M_j):
+        return (1 / np.sqrt(8)) * (1 + M_i / M_j) ** (-0.5) * (1 + ((k_i / k_j) ** 0.5 * (M_j / M_i) ** 0.25))**2
+
+    # Compute phi terms for the two species.
+    # For i = j the phi terms should be 1.
+    phi_h2_h2 = phi(k_h2, k_h2, M_h2, M_h2)       # Should be 1
+    phi_h2_co2 = phi(k_h2, k_co2, M_h2, M_co2)
+    phi_co2_h2 = phi(k_co2, k_h2, M_co2, M_h2)
+    phi_co2_co2 = phi(k_co2, k_co2, M_co2, M_co2)   # Should be 1
+
+    # Ensure we can perform vectorized operations.
+    x_h2 = np.array(x_h2)
+    x_co2 = 1 - x_h2
+
+    # Use the Mason-Saxena mixing rule:
+    # k_mix = X_H2 * k_H2 / (X_H2*φ_H2_H2 + X_CO2*φ_H2_CO2) +
+    #         X_CO2 * k_CO2 / (X_CO2*φ_CO2_CO2 + X_H2*φ_CO2_H2)
+    k_mix = (x_h2 * k_h2 / (x_h2 * phi_h2_h2 + x_co2 * phi_h2_co2)) + \
+            (x_co2 * k_co2 / (x_co2 * phi_co2_co2 + x_h2 * phi_co2_h2))
+
+    return k_mix
+
+
+def make_document():
+    doc = pyladoc.DocumentWriter()
+
+    doc.add_markdown("""
+    # Thermal Conductivity of Mixtures
+
+    The determination of the thermal conductivity of gas mixtures is a central aspect of modeling
+    transport phenomena, particularly in high-temperature and high-pressure processes. Among the
+    most established approaches is the empirical equation introduced by Wassiljewa, which was
+    subsequently refined by Mason and Saxena to improve its applicability to multicomponent systems.
+    This model offers a reliable means of estimating the thermal conductivity of gas mixtures based
+    on the properties of the pure components and their molar interactions.
+
+    The thermal conductivity of a gas mixture, denoted by $$\\lambda_{\\text{mix}}$$, can expressed as
+    shown in equation @eq:lambda_mixture.
+
+    $$
+    \\label{eq:lambda_mixture}
+    \\lambda_{\text{mix}} = \\sum_{i=1}^{n} \\frac{x_i \\lambda_i}{\\sum_{j=1}^{n} x_j \\Phi_{ij}}
+    $$
+
+    In this equation, $$x_i$$ represents the molar fraction of component $$i$$ within the mixture,
+    while $$\\lambda_i$$ denotes the thermal conductivity of the pure substance $$i$$. The denominator
+    contains the interaction parameter $$\\Phi_{ij}$$, which describes the influence of component
+    $$j$$ on the transport properties of component $$i$$.
+
+    The interaction parameter $$\\Phi_{ij}$$ is given by the relation shown in equation @eq:interaction_parameter.
+
+    $$
+    \\label{eq:interaction_parameter}
+    \\Phi_{ij} = \\frac{1}{\\sqrt{8}} \\left(1 + \\frac{M_i}{M_j} \\right)^{-1/2} \\left[ 1 + \\left( \\frac{\\lambda_i}{\\lambda_j} \\right)^{1/2} \\left( \\frac{M_j}{M_i} \\right)^{1/4} \\right]^2
+    $$
+
+    Here, $$M_i$$ and $$M_j$$ are the molar masses of the components $$i$$ and $$j$$, respectively.
+    Molar masses and thermal conductivity of the pure substances are listed in table @table:gas_probs.
+    The structure of this expression illustrates the nonlinear dependence of the interaction term on
+    both the molar mass ratio and the square root of the conductivity ratio of the involved species.
+    """)
+
+    # Table
+    data = {
+        "Gas": ["H2", "O2", "N2", "CO2", "CH4", "Ar", "He"],
+        "Molar mass in g/mol": ["2.016", "32.00", "28.02", "44.01", "16.04", "39.95", "4.0026"],
+        "Thermal conductivity in W/m/K": ["0.1805", "0.0263", "0.0258", "0.0166", "0.0341", "0.0177", "0.1513"]
+    }
+    df = pd.DataFrame(data)
+    doc.add_table(df.style.hide(axis="index"), 'Properties of some gases', 'gas_probs')
+
+    doc.add_markdown("""
+    This formulation acknowledges that the transport properties of a gas mixture are not a simple
+    linear combination of the individual conductivities. Rather, they are governed by intermolecular
+    interactions, which affect the energy exchange and diffusion behavior of each component. These
+    interactions are particularly significant at elevated pressures or in cases where the gas components
+    exhibit widely differing molecular masses or transport properties.
+
+    The equation proposed by Wassiljewa and refined by Mason and Saxena assumes that binary interactions
+    dominate the behavior of the mixture, while higher-order (three-body or more) interactions are
+    neglected. It also presumes that the gases approximate ideal behavior, although in practical
+    applications, moderate deviations from ideality are tolerated without significant loss of accuracy.
+    In figure @fig:mixture the resulting thermal conductivity of an H2/CO2-mixture is shown.""")
+
+    # Figure
+    x_h2_values = np.linspace(0, 1, 100)
+    k_mixture_values = mason_saxena_k_mixture(x_h2_values)
+
+    fig, ax = plt.subplots()
+    ax.set_xlabel("H2 molar fraction / %")
+    ax.set_ylabel("Thermal Conductivity / (W/m·K)")
+    ax.plot(x_h2_values * 100, k_mixture_values, color='black')
+
+    doc.add_diagram(fig, 'Thermal Conductivity of H2/CO2 mixtures', 'mixture')
+
+    doc.add_markdown("""
+    In engineering practice, the accurate determination of $$\\lambda_{\\text{mix}}$$ is essential
+    for the prediction of heat transfer in systems such as membrane modules, chemical reactors, and
+    combustion chambers. In the context of membrane-based gas separation, for instance, the thermal
+    conductivity of the gas mixture influences the local temperature distribution, which in turn affects
+    both the permeation behavior and the structural stability of the membrane.
+
+    It is important to note that the calculated mixture conductivity reflects only the gas phase
+    behavior. In porous systems such as carbon membranes, additional effects must be considered.
+    These include the solid-phase thermal conduction through the membrane matrix, radiative transport
+    in pore channels at high temperatures, and transport in the Knudsen regime for narrow pores.
+    To account for these complexities, models based on effective medium theory, such as those of
+    Maxwell-Eucken or Bruggeman, are frequently employed. These models combine the conductivities of
+    individual phases (gas and solid) with geometrical factors that reflect the morphology of the
+    porous structure.
+
+    ---
+
+    Expanded by more or less sensible AI jabbering; based on: [doi:10.14279/depositonce-7390](https://doi.org/10.14279/depositonce-7390)
+    """)
+
+    return doc
+
+
+def test_html_render():
+    doc = make_document()
+    html_code = doc.to_html()
+
+    document_validation.validate_html(html_code, VALIDATE_HTML_CODE_ONLINE)
+
+    if WRITE_RESULT_FILES:
+        with open('tests/out/test_html_render1.html', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+            f.write(pyladoc.inject_to_template(html_code, internal_template='templates/test_template.html'))
+
+
+def test_latex_render():
+    doc = make_document()
+
+    if WRITE_RESULT_FILES:
+        with open('tests/out/test_html_render1.tex', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+            f.write(doc.to_latex())
+
+    assert doc.to_pdf('tests/out/test_latex_render1.pdf', font_family='serif')
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    test_html_render()
+    test_latex_render()

tests/test_rendering_example2_doc.py

@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ WRITE_RESULT_FILES = True
 
 
 def make_document():
-    dw = pyladoc.DocumentWriter()
+    doc = pyladoc.DocumentWriter()
 
-    dw.add_markdown("""
+    doc.add_markdown("""
     # Special characters
 
     ö ä ü Ö Ä Ü ß @ ∆
@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@ def make_document():
     £ ¥ $ €
 
     Œ
-                    
+
     # Link
-                    
+
     This is a hyperlink: [nonan.net](https://www.nonan.net)
 
     # Table
@@ -42,15 +42,15 @@ def make_document():
     |  3  | KL3202   | PT100 2 Temperatureingänge (3-Leiter)
     |  1  | KL2404   | 4 Digitalausgänge
     |  2  | KL9010   | Endklemme
-    
+
     ---
 
     # Equations
-                    
+
     This line represents a reference to the equation @eq:test1.
     """)
 
-    dw.add_equation(r'y = a + b * \sum_{i=0}^{\infty} a_i x^i', 'test1')
+    doc.add_equation(r'y = a + b * \sum_{i=0}^{\infty} a_i x^i', 'test1')
 
     # Figure
     fig, ax = plt.subplots()
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ def make_document():
     ax.set_title('Fruit supply by kind and color')
     ax.legend(title='Fruit color')
 
-    dw.add_diagram(fig, 'Bar chart with individual bar colors')
+    doc.add_diagram(fig, 'Bar chart with individual bar colors')
 
     # Table
     mydataset = {
@@ -79,9 +79,9 @@ def make_document():
     }
     df = pd.DataFrame(mydataset)
 
-    dw.add_table(df.style.hide(axis="index"), 'This is a example table', 'example1')
+    doc.add_table(df.style.hide(axis="index"), 'This is a example table', 'example1')
 
-    return dw
+    return doc
 
 
 def test_html_render():
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ def test_html_render():
     document_validation.validate_html(html_code, VALIDATE_HTML_CODE_ONLINE)
 
     if WRITE_RESULT_FILES:
-        with open('tests/out/test_html_render.html', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+        with open('tests/out/test_html_render2.html', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
             f.write(pyladoc.inject_to_template(html_code, internal_template='templates/test_template.html'))
 
 
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ def test_latex_render():
 
     # print(doc.to_latex())
 
-    assert doc.to_pdf('tests/out/test_latex_render.pdf', font_family='serif')
+    assert doc.to_pdf('tests/out/test_latex_render2.pdf', font_family='serif')
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':